caa a22 4500 605520992 CHVBK 20210128100738.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00223-015-9995-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00223-015-9995-3 Tennis Service Stroke Benefits Humerus Bone: Is Torsion the Cause? [Elektronische Daten] [Alex Ireland, Hans Degens, Nicola Maffulli, Jörn Rittweger] Regular tennis play is associated with impressive asymmetries in bone strength in favor of the racquet arm, particularly in the humerus. However, the relative effects of service and ground strokes are not known. Serendipitously, we encountered a 46-year-old regular tennis player who has played service and ground strokes with different arms for over 30years, and thus allowed differentiation of stroke effects. Grip strength and peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans of both arms of radius at 4% distal-proximal ulna length, radius and ulna at 60% distal-proximal ulna length, and at distal (35% length) humerus were analyzed in this player, and 12 male veteran players of similar age, height, and mass who played a conventional single-sided style. Confidence intervals (95%) were calculated for asymmetries and bone, muscle and force parameters in the control players—values in the case study player were compared to these intervals. Sizeable differences in bone strength in favor of the serving arm humerus were observed in this player—comparable to those found in the control players. While asymmetries in favor of the ground stroke arm ulna were also evident, no sizeable asymmetry was found in proximal or distal radius, forearm or upper arm muscle size or hand grip force. These results suggest that the service stroke is responsible for the humeral hypertrophy observed in tennis players, and that ulna adaptation may be attributable to the ground strokes. The osteogenic potential of the service stroke may be related to the large torsional stresses it produces. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Bone nationallicence pQCT nationallicence Exercise nationallicence Humerus nationallicence Tennis nationallicence Ireland Alex School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK aut Degens Hans School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK aut Maffulli Nicola Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy aut Rittweger Jörn Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Centre, Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany aut Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/2(2015-08-01), 193-198 0171-967X 97:2<193 2015 97 223 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9995-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9995-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ireland Alex School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Degens Hans School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maffulli Nicola Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rittweger Jörn Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Centre, Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/2(2015-08-01), 193-198 0171-967X 97:2<193 2015 97 223