caa a22 4500 605526915 CHVBK 20210128100805.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10531-015-1002-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10531-015-1002-9 Managing present day large-carnivores in ‘island habitats': lessons in memoriam learned from human-tiger interactions in Singapore [Elektronische Daten] [Cedric Tan, Tony O'Dempsey, David Macdonald, Matthew Linkie] Managing large carnivores in human-inhabited areas is challenging as their large range requirements often brings them into conflict with people. Learning from an extraordinary historical example of large carnivore resilience in a human-occupied landscape, we detail the case of human-tiger interactions on a small (576km2) island, Singapore. Newspaper reports archived in the National Library of Singapore were used to construct a data set for interactions that occurred from 1831-1930. During this period, there were a reported 156 tiger sightings, 211 fatal tiger attacks on people and 114 tiger captures, which were mainly in response to these attacks. The number of interactions peaked between 1846 and 1865 with 6.8 people on average being killed annually. From 1910 onwards, there was a sharp decline in the number of tiger incidents, concluding with the last wild tiger being captured in 1930. Human-tiger interactions were widespread across Singapore, occurring in 24 of its 29 districts, but predominantly located in plantations and forests. This study also maps and describes the immense pressure placed on tigers in Singapore through the near complete conversion of their natural forest habitat to plantations and the frequent tiger killings. Our study offers insights to large carnivore management because under these prevailing conditions, tigers persisted in Singapore under intense persecution for almost 60years. Most likely, the Singapore's tigers were supplemented by occasional immigration from southern Malaysia. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2015 Asia nationallicence Human-wildlife conflict nationallicence Hunting nationallicence Large carnivore conservation nationallicence Tropical deforestation nationallicence Tan Cedric Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, OX13 5QL, Tubney, Oxon, UK aut O'Dempsey Tony 67 Hume Ave, 598744, Singapore, Singapore aut Macdonald David Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, OX13 5QL, Tubney, Oxon, UK aut Linkie Matthew Fauna & Flora International, Tanglin International Centre, 247672, Singapore, Singapore aut Biodiversity and Conservation Springer Netherlands 24/12(2015-11-01), 3109-3124 0960-3115 24:12<3109 2015 24 10531 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1002-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1002-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tan Cedric Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, OX13 5QL, Tubney, Oxon, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- O'Dempsey Tony 67 Hume Ave, 598744, Singapore, Singapore aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Macdonald David Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, OX13 5QL, Tubney, Oxon, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Linkie Matthew Fauna & Flora International, Tanglin International Centre, 247672, Singapore, Singapore aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biodiversity and Conservation Springer Netherlands 24/12(2015-11-01), 3109-3124 0960-3115 24:12<3109 2015 24 10531