caa a22 4500 605526931 CHVBK 20210128100805.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10531-015-1005-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10531-015-1005-6 Effects of in situ habitat quality and landscape characteristics in the oil palm agricultural matrix on tropical understory birds, fruit bats and butterflies [Elektronische Daten] [Badrul Azhar, Chong Puan, Najjib Aziz, Muhammad Sainuddin, Nurfatin Adila, Sohaimi Samsuddin, Siti Asmah, Muhamad Syafiq, Syafiq Razak, Ahmad Hafizuddin, Ainil Hawa, Syari Jamian] The expansion of commercial oil palm crop has modified much of the natural landscape, subsequently leading to biodiversity loss in Southeast Asia. Aside from large-scale oil palm monoculture plantations, self-managed oil palm smallholdings are also becoming common in palm oil producing countries, but less is known about how management of the smallholdings affects faunal biodiversity. We argue that it is critically important to understand the role of habitat complexity at the local and landscape scales for maintaining faunal biodiversity in oil palm smallholdings. We used passive sampling methods to survey understory birds, fruit bats, and butterflies in oil palm smallholdings on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. We quantified the diversity in each taxon and measured in situ habitat quality and landscape metrics. We found that oil palm smallholdings located near rice fields supported fewer bird species. Proximity to roads can give rise to bird and fruit bat richness. Bird and fruit bat richness declined at sites with high crop density. Fruit bat richness declined, but butterfly richness increased, with the height of oil palm stands. Butterfly richness declined with distance from riparian habitats. Decreased coverage and height of ground vegetation also negatively affected butterfly species richness. We also found that the number of farm houses is positively related to bird, fruit bat, and butterfly species richness. Of the three taxa, only butterfly richness was positively influenced by crop diversity. We found that habitat complexity enables smallholdings to support a diverse community of birds and butterflies, but not fruit bats. These findings imply that oil palm smallholdings can be managed in a conservation agricultural matrix, as the smallholdings were able to maintain farmland biodiversity. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2015 Agricultural matrix nationallicence Biodiversity nationallicence Conservation nationallicence Habitat complexity nationallicence Oil palm nationallicence Smallholdings nationallicence Azhar Badrul Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Puan Chong Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Aziz Najjib School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, 7001, Tasmania, Australia aut Sainuddin Muhammad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Adila Nurfatin Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Samsuddin Sohaimi Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Asmah Siti Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Syafiq Muhamad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Razak Syafiq Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Hafizuddin Ahmad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Hawa Ainil Faculty of Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Selangor, 45600, Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia aut Jamian Syari Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut Biodiversity and Conservation Springer Netherlands 24/12(2015-11-01), 3125-3144 0960-3115 24:12<3125 2015 24 10531 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1005-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1005-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Azhar Badrul Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Puan Chong Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aziz Najjib School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, 7001, Tasmania, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sainuddin Muhammad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Adila Nurfatin Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Samsuddin Sohaimi Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Asmah Siti Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Syafiq Muhamad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Razak Syafiq Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hafizuddin Ahmad Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hawa Ainil Faculty of Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Selangor, 45600, Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jamian Syari Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biodiversity and Conservation Springer Netherlands 24/12(2015-11-01), 3125-3144 0960-3115 24:12<3125 2015 24 10531