caa a22 4500 605541876 CHVBK 20210128100918.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10071-015-0894-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10071-015-0894-9 Olfactory discrimination and generalization of ammonium nitrate and structurally related odorants in Labrador retrievers [Elektronische Daten] [Lucia Lazarowski, Melanie Foster, Margaret Gruen, Barbara Sherman, Richard Fish, Norton Milgram, David Dorman] A critical aspect of canine explosive detection involves the animal's ability respond to novel, untrained odors based on prior experience with training odors. In the current study, adult Labrador retrievers (N=15) were initially trained to discriminate between a rewarded odor (vanillin) and an unrewarded odor (ethanol) by manipulating scented objects with their nose in order to receive a food reward using a canine-adapted discrimination training apparatus. All dogs successfully learned this olfactory discrimination task (≥80% correct in a mean of 296 trials). Next, dogs were trained on an ammonium nitrate (AN, NH4NO3) olfactory discrimination task [acquired in 60-240 trials, with a mean (±SEM) number of trials to criterion of 120.0±15.6] and then tested for their ability to respond to untrained ammonium- and/or nitrate-containing chemicals as well as variants of AN compounds. Dogs did not respond to sodium nitrate or ammonium sulfate compounds at rates significantly higher than chance (58.8±4.5 and 57.7±3.3% correct, respectively). Transfer performance to fertilizer-grade AN, AN mixed in Iraqi soil, and AN and flaked aluminum was significantly higher than chance (66.7±3.2, 73.3±4.0, 68.9±4.0% correct, respectively); however, substantial individual differences were observed. Only 53, 60, and 64% of dogs had a correct response rate with fertilizer-grade AN, AN and Iraqi soil, and AN and flaked aluminum, respectively, that were greater than chance. Our results suggest that dogs do not readily generalize from AN to similar AN-based odorants at reliable levels desired for explosive detection dogs and that performance varies significantly within Labrador retrievers selected for an explosive detection program. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Dog nationallicence Canine nationallicence Cognition nationallicence Olfactory discrimination nationallicence Lazarowski Lucia Department of Psychology, Auburn University, 226 Thach Hall, 36849, Auburn, AL, USA aut Foster Melanie Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut Gruen Margaret Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut Sherman Barbara Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut Fish Richard Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut Milgram Norton Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8, Toronto, ON, Canada aut Dorman David Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut Animal Cognition Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/6(2015-11-01), 1255-1265 1435-9448 18:6<1255 2015 18 10071 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-015-0894-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-015-0894-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lazarowski Lucia Department of Psychology, Auburn University, 226 Thach Hall, 36849, Auburn, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Foster Melanie Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gruen Margaret Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sherman Barbara Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fish Richard Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Milgram Norton Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8, Toronto, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dorman David Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Animal Cognition Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/6(2015-11-01), 1255-1265 1435-9448 18:6<1255 2015 18 10071