caa a22 4500 605542279 CHVBK 20210128100920.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10071-015-0853-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10071-015-0853-5 Isolation rearing reveals latent antisnake behavior in California ground squirrels ( Otospermophilus becheeyi ) searching for predatory threats [Elektronische Daten] [Chris Tromborg, Richard Coss] This study of California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi) investigated the long-term effects of isolation rearing on alarm-call recognition. Six wild-caught squirrels, trapped as yearlings, and six laboratory-reared squirrels were maintained in solitary cages for approximately 3years prior to the study. Visual searching and olfactory searching were measured as squirrels emerged from their burrow-like nest box into a laboratory room after hearing repetitive playbacks of alarm calls or control sounds consisting of pulses of white-noise or ambient laboratory sounds. Before exiting completely after hearing alarm calls, both groups exhibited similar levels of visual searching that was reliably higher than after hearing the other sounds. After exiting completely, the laboratory-reared squirrels exhibited a reliably greater amount of olfactory investigation than the wild-caught squirrels. Five laboratory-reared squirrels turned around after exiting and inspected their dark nest-box opening, three of which tail flagged repeatedly and one threw substrate into the opening. Since pups recognize snakes and engage in this behavior, this latent expression of antisnake behavior illustrates its robust organizational properties in the appropriate burrow-like context irrespective of the presumed retardation of neural development known to occur in other species of rodent subjected to similar isolation rearing. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 California ground squirrels nationallicence Alarm calls nationallicence Innate antisnake behavior nationallicence Isolation rearing nationallicence Nest-box exiting nationallicence Olfactory investigation nationallicence Visual searching nationallicence Tromborg Chris Department of Psychology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut Coss Richard Department of Psychology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut Animal Cognition Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/4(2015-07-01), 855-865 1435-9448 18:4<855 2015 18 10071 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-015-0853-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-015-0853-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tromborg Chris Department of Psychology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Coss Richard Department of Psychology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Animal Cognition Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/4(2015-07-01), 855-865 1435-9448 18:4<855 2015 18 10071