caa a22 4500 605543208 CHVBK 20210128100925.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00109-015-1295-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00109-015-1295-x How neutrophil extracellular traps orchestrate the local immune response in gout [Elektronische Daten] [Christian Maueröder, Deborah Kienhöfer, Jonas Hahn, Christine Schauer, Bernhard Manger, Georg Schett, Martin Herrmann, Markus Hoffmann] Neutrophil granulocytes possess a large arsenal of pro-inflammatory substances and mechanisms that empower them to drive local acute immune reactions to invading microorganisms or endogenous inflammatory triggers. The use of this armory needs to be tightly controlled to avoid chronic inflammation and collateral tissue damage. In gout, inflammation arises from precipitation of uric acid in the form of needle-shaped monosodium urate crystals. Inflammasome activation by these crystals in local immune cells results in a rapid and dramatic recruitment of neutrophils. This neutrophil influx is accompanied by the infamously intense clinical symptoms of inflammation during an acute gout attack. Neutrophilic inflammation however is equipped with a built-in safeguard; activated neutrophils form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). At the very high neutrophil densities that occur at the site of inflammation, NETs build aggregates that densely pack the monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and trap and degrade pro-inflammatory mediators by inherent proteases. Local removal of cytokines and chemokines by aggregated NETs explains how acute inflammation can stop in the consistent presence of the inflammatory trigger. Aggregated NETs resemble early stages of the typical large MSU deposits that constitute the pathognomonic structures of gout, tophi. Although tophi contribute to muscosceletal damage and mortality in patients with chronic gout, they can therefore be considered as a payoff that is necessary to silence the intense inflammatory response during acute gout. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Neutrophil extracellular traps nationallicence Gout nationallicence Resolution of inflammation nationallicence Tophus nationallicence Maueröder Christian Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Kienhöfer Deborah Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Hahn Jonas Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Schauer Christine Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Manger Bernhard Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Schett Georg Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Herrmann Martin Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Hoffmann Markus Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut Journal of Molecular Medicine Springer Berlin Heidelberg 93/7(2015-07-01), 727-734 0946-2716 93:7<727 2015 93 109 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-015-1295-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-015-1295-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maueröder Christian Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kienhöfer Deborah Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hahn Jonas Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schauer Christine Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Manger Bernhard Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schett Georg Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Herrmann Martin Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoffmann Markus Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glückstraße 4a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Molecular Medicine Springer Berlin Heidelberg 93/7(2015-07-01), 727-734 0946-2716 93:7<727 2015 93 109