caa a22 4500 60614904X CHVBK 20210128100532.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00531-014-1067-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00531-014-1067-9 Sedimentary and hydrological studies of the Holocene palaeofloods in the Shanxi-Shaanxi Gorge of the middle Yellow River, China [Elektronische Daten] [Xiaogang Li, Chun Huang, Jiangli Pang, Xiaochun Zha, Yugai Ma] Holocene slackwater deposits along the river channels were used to study the magnitude and frequency of the palaeofloods that occurred prior to gauged and historical data sets all over the world. Palaeohydrological investigations along the Shanxi-Shaanxi Gorge of the middle Yellow River, China, identified palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs) at several sites along the cliffs bordering the river channel. The SWDs are intercalated within Holocene eolian loess-soil profiles and clastic slope deposits. The palaeoflood SWDs were differentiated from eolian loess and soil by the sedimentary criteria and analytical results including magnetic susceptibility and particle-size distribution, similar to the flood SWDs in 2012, which indicated that these well-sorted palaeoflood SWD beds were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. They have recorded the extraordinary palaeoflood events which occurred between 3200 and 3000 a BP as dated by the optically stimulated luminescence method in combination with pedostratigraphic correlations with the previously studied Holocene pedo-stratigraphy in the Yellow River drainage basin. Manning slope-area calculations estimate the peak discharged for these palaeoflood events to range from 43,290 to 49,830m3/s. The drainage area of the study site is 489,900km2. It is 2.0-2.5 times the largest gauged flood (21,000m3/s) that has ever occurred since 1934. These events also occurred on Yellow River tributaries, including the Weihe, Jinghe and Qishuihe Rivers. These flood events are therefore considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events in the northern hemisphere and demonstrate Holocene climatic instability. This study provides important data in understanding the interactions between regional hydro-climatic systems and global change in semiarid and subhumid regions. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Palaeoflood nationallicence Slackwater deposit nationallicence Holocene nationallicence Yellow river nationallicence China nationallicence Li Xiaogang Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut Huang Chun Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut Pang Jiangli Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut Zha Xiaochun Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut Ma Yugai Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut International Journal of Earth Sciences Springer Berlin Heidelberg 104/1(2015-01-01), 277-288 1437-3254 104:1<277 2015 104 531 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1067-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1067-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Xiaogang Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Huang Chun Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pang Jiangli Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zha Xiaochun Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ma Yugai Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Earth Sciences Springer Berlin Heidelberg 104/1(2015-01-01), 277-288 1437-3254 104:1<277 2015 104 531