caa a22 4500 606152709 CHVBK 20210128100550.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11266-014-9501-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11266-014-9501-y Valeau Patrick University of la Réunion, 26 avenue de la Victoire, 97417, Saint-Denis, Reunion, France aut Stages and Pathways of Development of Nonprofit Organizations: An Integrative Model [Elektronische Daten] [Patrick Valeau] Most research suggests that nonprofit organizations (NPOs) should professionalize in order to become more efficient. Yet, a growing body of literature emphasizes the importance of preserving some of their original grassroots culture. Based on a qualitative meta-analysis of 19 in-depth cases from the past decade, our integrative model contributes to this debate in three important ways: first, we suggest that most NPO pathways of development are characterized by the acquisition of a dual nature i.e., a community setting a value-based mission (stage 1) and a professional structure involving formal and centralized coordination aimed at effectiveness (stage 2); second, that this dual system often leads NPOs to an existential crisis characterized by contradiction and indetermination (stage 3); and third, that this indetermination constitutes a window of opportunity for deciders to more deliberately arbitrate the orientation adopted by their NPOs (stage 4). We discuss the role of deciders, beyond institutional pressures, to explain why the nonprofit sector is still relatively diverse. We propose voluntarism and institutional entrepreneurship as important mainstays of nonprofitness. International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University, 2014 Development nationallicence Community nationallicence Professionalization nationallicence Stages nationallicence Pathways nationallicence VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 26/5(2015-10-01), 1894-1919 0957-8765 26:5<1894 2015 26 11266 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9501-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9501-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Valeau Patrick University of la Réunion, 26 avenue de la Victoire, 97417, Saint-Denis, Reunion, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 26/5(2015-10-01), 1894-1919 0957-8765 26:5<1894 2015 26 11266