caa a22 4500 606153977 CHVBK 20210128100556.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11121-014-0517-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11121-014-0517-8 Monitoring by Parents and Hypothesized Male-Female Differences in Evidence from a Nationally Representative Cohort Re-sampled from Age 12 to 17Years: An Exploratory Study Using a "Mutoscope” Approach [Elektronische Daten] [Ryan Seedall, James Anthony] The link between adept parental monitoring (PM) and later positive behavioral and health outcomes already has motivated intervention trials, but questions remain about which specific facets and mechanisms of PM make a difference. Our current research questions concern fundamental male-female differences in PM facets as manifest in a US cohort, re-sampled each year at age 12 through 17years during an interval from 2004 to 2009. We hypothesized emergence, by mid-adolescence, of a specific male-female difference in a "limit time with friends” (LTF) facet of adept PM, with overall PM levels held constant. The data, arranged using a "mutoscope” approach, are from six successive nationally representative independent cross-sectional sample surveys of the cohort, with each adolescent measured only once, via a multi-item PM module nested within the larger survey. Estimates and tests of male-female differences are from a "multiple indicators, multiple causes” latent structure model appropriate for complex survey data. In evidence consistent with the advance hypothesis and with PM level held constant via the model, the LTF facet generally was more relaxed for boys as compared to girls, in a difference that emerged by mid-adolescence, possibly due to greater LTF constraints for girls at mid-adolescence. This research adds to the knowledge base about male-female similarities and differences in facets of PM. As a specific PM facet, LTF might function as a mechanism suitable for deliberate intervention and as a possible specific target in "micro-trials” of new prevention research. We acknowledge limitations such as omitted variables, including social media effects, not measured in this investigation's national surveys, but of potential importance in future research on peer influence as might have more distal parenting determinants. The Author(s), 2014 Parental monitoring nationallicence Male-female differences nationallicence Limiting time with friends nationallicence Seedall Ryan Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA aut Anthony James Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, 909 Fee Road, East Lansing, MI, USA aut Prevention Science Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 16/5(2015-07-01), 696-706 1389-4986 16:5<696 2015 16 11121 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0517-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0517-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Seedall Ryan Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Anthony James Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, 909 Fee Road, East Lansing, MI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Prevention Science Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 16/5(2015-07-01), 696-706 1389-4986 16:5<696 2015 16 11121