caa a22 4500 606155929 CHVBK 20210128100606.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10096-015-2360-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10096-015-2360-7 Butler T. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ross University School of Medicine, Portsmouth, Dominica, West Indies aut Capnocytophaga canimorsus [Elektronische Daten] an emerging cause of sepsis, meningitis, and post-splenectomy infection after dog bites [T. Butler] Newly named in 1989, Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterial pathogen found in the saliva of healthy dogs and cats, and is transmitted to humans principally by dog bites. This review compiled all laboratory-confirmed cases, animal sources, and virulence attributes to describe its epidemiology, clinical features, and pathogenesis. An estimated 484 patients with a median age of 55years were reported, two-thirds of which were male. The case-fatality rate was about 26%. Its clinical presentations included severe sepsis and fatal septic shock, gangrene of the digits or extremities, high-grade bacteremia, meningitis, endocarditis, and eye infections. Predispositions were prior splenectomy in 59 patients and alcoholism in 58 patients. Dog bites before illness occurred in 60%; additionally, in 27%, there were scratches, licking, or other contact with dogs or cats. Patients with meningitis showed more advanced ages, higher male preponderance, lower mortality, and longer incubation periods after dog bites than patients with sepsis (p < 0.05). Patients with prior splenectomy presented more frequently with high-grade bacteremia than patients with intact spleens (p < 0.05). The organism possesses virulence attributes of catalase and sialidase production, gliding motility, cytotoxin production, and resistance to killing by serum complement due to its unique lipopolysaccharide. Penicillin is the drug of choice, but some practitioners prefer third-generation cephalosporins or beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. C. canimorsus has emerged as a leading cause of sepsis, particularly post-splenectomy sepsis, and meningitis after dog bites. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Springer Berlin Heidelberg 34/7(2015-07-01), 1271-1280 0934-9723 34:7<1271 2015 34 10096 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2360-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2360-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Butler T. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ross University School of Medicine, Portsmouth, Dominica, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Springer Berlin Heidelberg 34/7(2015-07-01), 1271-1280 0934-9723 34:7<1271 2015 34 10096