caa a22 4500 606158162 CHVBK 20210128100617.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10096-015-2465-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10096-015-2465-z Prevalence of enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus colonising food handlers: does nasal carriage status matter? [Elektronische Daten] [J. Ho, M. Boost, M. O'Donoghue] This study investigated the association between the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes and nasal carriage status, and determined temporal changes in the prevalence of these genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from healthy carriers between 2002 and 2011. Three large samples of food handlers recruited in 2002, 2003 and 2011 were nasally sampled on two occasions to determine S. aureus colonisation status. Those carrying the same spa type on both occasions were defined as persistent carriers. Genes for SEs SEA-SEU were amplified and associations between carriage status and presence of SE genes were investigated. Although 80% of nasal isolates harboured at least one SE gene over the sampling period, persistent carriers were significantly more likely to harbour enterotoxigenic S. aureus than transiently colonised subjects [odds ratio (OR) 2.52-3.06]. Strains from persistent carriers more commonly harboured sea, seb and sem. The prevalence of classical SE genes and sej, sem, sen, seo, seq and ses was stable over time, but seh, sel, sep, ser, set and selu increased significantly. Increased toxigenicity of isolates from persistent carriers is consistent with the elevated antibody levels to classical SEs previously reported in persistent carriers, supporting the hypothesis that superantigen production in the nasal cavity may enhance colonisation. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Ho J. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut Boost M. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut O'Donoghue M. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Springer Berlin Heidelberg 34/11(2015-11-01), 2177-2181 0934-9723 34:11<2177 2015 34 10096 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2465-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2465-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ho J. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Boost M. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- O'Donoghue M. Squina International Centre for Infection Control, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Springer Berlin Heidelberg 34/11(2015-11-01), 2177-2181 0934-9723 34:11<2177 2015 34 10096