caa a22 4500 606158529 CHVBK 20210128100620.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10557-015-6607-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10557-015-6607-4 The Challenges of Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women [Elektronische Daten] [LaPrincess Brewer, Anna Svatikova, Sharon Mulvagh] Increasing evidence suggests that there are significant differences in the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease in women compared to men. Women often present with atypical symptoms, and this, in association with a consistent underestimation of their risk for ischemic heart disease, leads to underdiagnosis and undertreatment in women. Cardiovascular risk factors unique to women have only recently been recognized, and moreover, traditional risk factors have recently been shown to have greater impacts on women. Consequently, women suffer more disability and poorer clinical outcomes, with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. These discrepancies may in part be secondary to the higher prevalence of nonobstructive coronary artery disease in women with persistent chest pain symptoms as compared to men when evaluated invasively. Focused diagnostic and therapeutic strategies unique to women are thus needed, but unfortunately, such sex-specific guidelines do not yet exist, largely due to lack of awareness, both on the part of providers and patients, as well as a paucity of evidence-based research specific to women. Although underutilized in women, diagnostic modalities, including functional and anatomic cardiac tests as well as physiologic assessments of endothelial and microvascular function, are useful for establishing the diagnosis and prognosis of suspected ischemic heart disease in women. This review discusses the current challenges of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease in women. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Women nationallicence Ischemic heart disease nationallicence Cardiovascular risk nationallicence Diagnosis nationallicence Treatment nationallicence Brewer LaPrincess Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut Svatikova Anna Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut Mulvagh Sharon Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 29/4(2015-08-01), 355-368 0920-3206 29:4<355 2015 29 10557 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-015-6607-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-015-6607-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Brewer LaPrincess Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Svatikova Anna Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mulvagh Sharon Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 29/4(2015-08-01), 355-368 0920-3206 29:4<355 2015 29 10557