caa a22 4500 606161430 CHVBK 20210128100634.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10526-014-9616-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10526-014-9616-5 How Trichogramma survives during soybean offseason in Southern Brazil and the implications for its success as a biocontrol agent [Elektronische Daten] [Marion Foerster, Cesar Marchioro, Luís Foerster] Trichogramma species are important natural enemies of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, a key pest of soybean in new world agroecosystems. Development, longevity and parasitism rate of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, Trichogramma acacioi Brun, Moraes and Soares and Trichogramma rojasi Nagaraja and Nagarkatti were investigated under natural conditions throughout fall and winter in order to determine how these parasitoids survive during the soybean off-season in southern Brazil. All species remained active along the experimental period. Over 90% of the parasitoids emerged throughout the off-season, except for T. rojasi which showed lower percentage of emergence in April and May. The reproductive activity was not interrupted during fall and winter, indicating that the parasitoids depend on alternative hosts to survive. Parasitoids survived during the off-season combining slow developmental rate with an increase in adult life span, an important adaptation that improves their chances of finding alternative hosts and food sources. International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), 2014 Hymenoptera nationallicence Trichogrammatidae nationallicence Trichogramma pretiosum nationallicence Trichogramma acacioi nationallicence Trichogramma rojasi nationallicence Overwintering nationallicence Foerster Marion Professional Education Sector, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil aut Marchioro Cesar Campus Curitibanos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 101, 89529-000, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil aut Foerster Luís Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil aut BioControl Springer Netherlands 60/1(2015-02-01), 1-11 1386-6141 60:1<1 2015 60 10526 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-014-9616-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-014-9616-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Foerster Marion Professional Education Sector, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Marchioro Cesar Campus Curitibanos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 101, 89529-000, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Foerster Luís Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- BioControl Springer Netherlands 60/1(2015-02-01), 1-11 1386-6141 60:1<1 2015 60 10526