caa a22 4500 60616202X CHVBK 20210128100637.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10526-014-9633-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10526-014-9633-4 Novel insight in the life cycle of Torymus sinensis , biocontrol agent of the chestnut gall wasp [Elektronische Daten] [Chiara Ferracini, Elena Gonella, Ester Ferrari, Matteo Saladini, Luca Picciau, Federica Tota, Marianna Pontini, Alberto Alma] Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) is a biological control agent of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). It is reported in the literature as univoltine, but in NW Italy it exhibits a prolonged diapause mainly as late instar larva. Diapause is extended for 12months, and adults emerge in April as usual, showing a two-year life cycle. Second year emergence individuals are able to mate, and the presence of mature eggs was confirmed in females which parasitised fresh chestnut galls, showing the same parasitism behaviour as first year emergence individuals. Both sexes of second year emergence individuals proved to be smaller than the univoltine ones according to ovipositor sheath length, pronotum width, and hind tibia length. Proving evidence of the extended diapause plays an important role for the establishment of T. sinensis especially in the first years after its release. Future studies are needed to clarify the factors which trigger off this response. International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), 2014 Torymus sinensis nationallicence Prolonged diapause nationallicence Biological control agent nationallicence Chestnut gall wasp nationallicence Ferracini Chiara Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Gonella Elena Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Ferrari Ester Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Saladini Matteo Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Picciau Luca Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Tota Federica Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Pontini Marianna Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut Alma Alberto Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut BioControl Springer Netherlands 60/2(2015-04-01), 169-177 1386-6141 60:2<169 2015 60 10526 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-014-9633-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-014-9633-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ferracini Chiara Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gonella Elena Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ferrari Ester Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saladini Matteo Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Picciau Luca Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tota Federica Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pontini Marianna Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alma Alberto Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- BioControl Springer Netherlands 60/2(2015-04-01), 169-177 1386-6141 60:2<169 2015 60 10526