caa a22 4500 606162097 CHVBK 20210128100637.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10291-014-0375-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10291-014-0375-7 Quality evaluation of the pulse per second (PPS) signals from commercial GNSS receivers [Elektronische Daten] [Xiaoji Niu, Kunlun Yan, Tisheng Zhang, Quan Zhang, Hongping Zhang, Jingnan Liu] GNSS receivers are often integrated with other sensors such as inertial navigation system (INS) and camera. The pulse per second (PPS) signal from GNSS receiver is commonly used as the benchmark for time synchronization with other sensors, which is crucial for the accuracy of the sensor integration. Therefore, the timing quality of the PPS signal is important and worthy to be evaluated comprehensively. We use a chip scale cesium atomic clock to evaluate the PPS quality of three popular commercial GNSS receivers. A practical evaluation method is proposed, which can mitigate the systematic error of the reference clock effectively. The PPS interval stabilities are evaluated by Allan variance to reflect the PPS time offset, and the clock divergences during GNSS signal loss are measured to reflect the capability to maintain the clock accuracy. The test results show that with nominal GNSS satellite signal condition, the standard deviations of the PPS intervals are in the order of 10E−8s, and the maximum clock offset after 10min of losing lock is at microsecond level. The qualities of the PPS signal from the tested receivers are sufficient for the time synchronization of the integrated navigation systems. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 GNSS timing nationallicence Pulse per second nationallicence Time synchronization nationallicence Niu Xiaoji GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut Yan Kunlun GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut Zhang Tisheng GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut Zhang Quan GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut Zhang Hongping GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut Liu Jingnan GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut GPS Solutions Springer Berlin Heidelberg 19/1(2015-01-01), 141-150 1080-5370 19:1<141 2015 19 10291 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-014-0375-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-014-0375-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Niu Xiaoji GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yan Kunlun GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Tisheng GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Quan GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Hongping GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Jingnan GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- GPS Solutions Springer Berlin Heidelberg 19/1(2015-01-01), 141-150 1080-5370 19:1<141 2015 19 10291