caa a22 4500 606162488 CHVBK 20210128100639.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10291-014-0412-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10291-014-0412-6 A wavelet-based hybrid approach to remove the flicker noise and the white noise from GPS coordinate time series [Elektronische Daten] [Hao Wu, Kui Li, Wenzhong Shi, Keith Clarke, Jianhua Zhang, Hua Li] Understanding the destructive interference of noise involved in GPS coordinate time series is crucial for improving the reliability of GPS applications. The majority of the noise consists of both flicker and white noise, both of which are well characterized by a stochastic process following a power-law noise model. To simplify the noise removal for GPS coordinate time series, the noise is usually regarded as pure white noise rather than a mixture of flicker noise and white noise. This work proposes a wavelet-based integrated solution that merges the strengths of Shannon entropy and wavelet thresholding to remove flicker and white noise at the same time. A GPS coordinate time series, spanning 128days from the GPS monitoring station at the Jinduicheng Mine in Shanxi, China, was selected to test the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that both flicker noise and white noise are worthy of attention because they can lead to a seriously misunderstandings about error in a GPS coordinate time series. The utility of our proposed algorithm in removing flicker and white noise is shown to be more comprehensive than the use of wavelet thresholding alone. The findings further reveal that the advance elimination of flicker noise is beneficial for subsequently utilizing wavelet thresholding to delete the white noise in a GPS coordinate time series. This will greatly improve the reliability of GPS coordinate time series, allowing such data to be applied to a wide range of fields. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 GPS nationallicence Coordinate time series nationallicence Denoise nationallicence Flicker noise nationallicence Shannon entropy nationallicence Wavelet transform nationallicence Wu Hao School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut Li Kui School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut Shi Wenzhong Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut Clarke Keith Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106-4060, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut Zhang Jianhua School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut Li Hua School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut GPS Solutions Springer Berlin Heidelberg 19/4(2015-10-01), 511-523 1080-5370 19:4<511 2015 19 10291 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-014-0412-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-014-0412-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Hao School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Kui School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shi Wenzhong Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clarke Keith Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106-4060, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Jianhua School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Hua School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- GPS Solutions Springer Berlin Heidelberg 19/4(2015-10-01), 511-523 1080-5370 19:4<511 2015 19 10291