caa a22 4500 606165657 CHVBK 20210128100654.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00168-014-0652-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00168-014-0652-y Spatial fragmentation of industries by functions [Elektronische Daten] [Franz-Josef Bade, Eckhardt Bode, Eleonora Cutrini] We show that key functions are spatially clustered with, or dispersed from, each other even within manufacturing industries in West Germany, and that these clustering or dispersion patterns have changed significantly during recent decades. Estimating levels and changes (1992-2007) of localizations and colocalizations of selected functions (production, headquarter services, R&D) within 27 West German industries by means of $$K$$ K densities, we identify two broad groups of industries. In "fragmenting” industries, which account for half of manufacturing employment, functions were more clustered with each other than the industry as a whole after the fall of the Iron Curtain but have, in accordance with regional theories of spatial fragmentation, been unbundled spatially from each other subsequently. In "integrating” industries, by contrast, which account for one-third of manufacturing employment, functions were initially dispersed from each other but have subsequently been rebundled spatially with each other. This spatial rebundling may be a consequence of offshoring, i.e., international fragmentation. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Bade Franz-Josef Department of Economics, Faculty of Spatial Planning, University of Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany aut Bode Eckhardt Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiellinie 66, 24105, Kiel, Germany aut Cutrini Eleonora Department of Law, University of Macerata, Piazza dell'Università, 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy aut The Annals of Regional Science Springer Berlin Heidelberg 54/1(2015-01-01), 215-250 0570-1864 54:1<215 2015 54 168 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-014-0652-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-014-0652-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bade Franz-Josef Department of Economics, Faculty of Spatial Planning, University of Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bode Eckhardt Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiellinie 66, 24105, Kiel, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cutrini Eleonora Department of Law, University of Macerata, Piazza dell'Università, 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Annals of Regional Science Springer Berlin Heidelberg 54/1(2015-01-01), 215-250 0570-1864 54:1<215 2015 54 168