caa a22 4500 606169040 CHVBK 20210128100710.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10098-014-0880-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10098-014-0880-y Understanding different stakeholders of sustainable product and service-based systems using genetic algorithm [Elektronische Daten] [Sameer Gupta, Prabir Sarkar, Ekta Singla] Service-oriented approach or a combination of Product-Service System (PSS) is often regarded as more promising to traditional discreet product selling. To have a sustainable product or service, PSS systems must equally satisfy the three stakeholders of sustainability viz. people, planet, and profit generated by the companies. However, this is often not the case as the other stakeholders often ignore interest of the planet, as a stakeholder. Government tax incentives could act as an enabler to mitigate this difference. In this work, we explore this issue by developing methodologies to optimize the needs of various stakeholders. We develop equations to express the three Ps of sustainability to find out appropriate government incentives as tax on people and product-manufacturing companies to make products and services more sustainable, assuming that the taxes collected are utilized in restoring the environment. We use Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm to find the optimized taxes for some possible combinations of sale price and number of units to be manufactured. We take a case and explain the application of this novel methodology for a car manufacturing scenario. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Genetic algorithm nationallicence Resources nationallicence Sustainability nationallicence $$P$$ P : Profit ($) nationallicence $$I_{e}$$ I e : Environment impact nationallicence $$I_{s}$$ I s : Social impact nationallicence $$x_{1}$$ x 1 : Sale price per unit ($) nationallicence $$x_{2}$$ x 2 : Number of units of car nationallicence $$x_{3}$$ x 3 : Company taxes per unit ($) nationallicence $$x_{4}$$ x 4 : People taxes per unit (including service tax and Value-Added Tax-VAT) ($) nationallicence $$C_{F}$$ C F : Fixed cost per unit ($) nationallicence $$C_{v}$$ C v : Variable cost unit ($) nationallicence $$C_{t}$$ C t : Total cost unit ($) nationallicence $$E_{{CO_{2} }}$$ E C O 2 : CO2 equivalent (kg)/d) nationallicence $$C_{{Eco_{2} }}$$ C E c o 2 : Cost of CO2 equivalent per kg ($) nationallicence $$n$$ n : Life of car in terms of number of days (d) nationallicence $$\in_{si}$$ ∈ s i : Social interest nationallicence $$t$$ t : Duration of use per car per day (h) nationallicence $$C$$ C : Cost of use per hour per unit ($) nationallicence $$C_{f}$$ C f : Fuel cost ($) nationallicence Gupta Sameer SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut Sarkar Prabir SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut Singla Ekta SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/6(2015-08-01), 1523-1533 1618-954X 17:6<1523 2015 17 10098 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0880-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0880-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gupta Sameer SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sarkar Prabir SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Singla Ekta SMMEE, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/6(2015-08-01), 1523-1533 1618-954X 17:6<1523 2015 17 10098