caa a22 4500 606169415 CHVBK 20210128100712.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10098-015-0926-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10098-015-0926-9 Improving the efficacy of solar water disinfection by incremental design innovation [Elektronische Daten] [Sittha Sukkasi, Weerawat Terdthaichairat] Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a simple, affordable, yet effective method for treating drinking water in under-resourced communities. It has been scientifically proven, internationally recognized, and benefiting many people worldwide. However, the treatment time of the existing protocol is long (6h or 2 consecutive days when the sky is sunny or partly cloudy, respectively). Previous studies showed that the method could be considerably shortened if the water temperature could be raised to over 50°C, in order to trigger a powerful synergy between optical and thermal inactivation mechanisms of sunlight. This work has developed a new SODIS container design that can achieve the water temperature range that is conducive to synergistic SODIS inactivation, which has been overlooked by previous work that endeavored to enhance SODIS. Factors that could affect the water-heating performance of a SODIS container were systematically evaluated and subsequently aggregated to create the new design. Extensive field experiments were conducted to assess the disinfection efficacy of the new design under actual, and often unfavorable, weather conditions in a rural community. While still maintaining the simplicity, affordability, and portability of the original SODIS protocol, the new design can disinfect water much more effectively. In head-to-head comparisons with conventional SODIS bottle, the new design could achieve on average 74, 30, and 12% more reductions of total coliforms than the bottle, in the conditions of at least half a day of strong sunshine, partly cloudy with some sunshine, and completely cloudy, respectively. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 SODIS nationallicence Drinking water treatment nationallicence Appropriate technology nationallicence Innovation by design nationallicence Under-resourced communities nationallicence Sukkasi Sittha MTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand aut Terdthaichairat Weerawat Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand aut Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/7(2015-10-01), 2013-2027 1618-954X 17:7<2013 2015 17 10098 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-0926-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-0926-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sukkasi Sittha MTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Terdthaichairat Weerawat Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/7(2015-10-01), 2013-2027 1618-954X 17:7<2013 2015 17 10098