caa a22 4500 606169520 CHVBK 20210128100712.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10098-015-0909-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10098-015-0909-x Investigating the impact of urban grade-separation on pedestrian PM2.5 exposure [Elektronische Daten] [Zhaowen Qiu, Xiaohong Peng] For urban intersections, grade separations have been deemed a way of mitigating traffic congestion. However, the environmental impact of various grade separations, especially on pedestrian exposure to traffic-related air pollution, is unknown. Particulate matter of 2.5µm or less (PM2.5) near roadsides comes mainly from vehicle emissions and has negative respiratory health effects. Pedestrian PM2.5 exposure at ground level at different types of intersection and are studied and compared here. Based on realistic survey data at a current at-grade intersection, and reasonable assumptions about traffic speed and volume changes, MOVES modeling software used the highest resolution approach of operating mode distribution to calculate PM2.5 emission inventory for three scenarios: at-grade intersection, overpass grade separation, and underpass grade separation. Pedestrian PM2.5 exposure concentrations were estimated using the AERMOD model. The results of the case study show that both underpass and overpass intersections largely decrease pedestrian PM2.5 exposure, at almost the same amplitude. From the viewpoint of regional environmental impacts, however, the underpass-type intersection is recommended for replacing the at-grade intersection, in order to both reduce traffic congestion and better contain pollution. The findings of this research indicate that, as three-dimensional urban transportation design is becoming a more popular measure for relieving traffic congestion, environmental analysis will become an increasingly critical part of intersection design. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Intersection nationallicence Grade separation nationallicence Pedestrian PM2.5 exposure nationallicence Environmental impact nationallicence Qiu Zhaowen School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Chang'an Road, 710064, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China aut Peng Xiaohong Department of Automobile, Shaanxi College of Communication Technology, Wenjing Road, 710018, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China aut Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/7(2015-10-01), 1917-1927 1618-954X 17:7<1917 2015 17 10098 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-0909-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-0909-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Qiu Zhaowen School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Chang'an Road, 710064, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Peng Xiaohong Department of Automobile, Shaanxi College of Communication Technology, Wenjing Road, 710018, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/7(2015-10-01), 1917-1927 1618-954X 17:7<1917 2015 17 10098