caa a22 4500 606169628 CHVBK 20210128100713.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10098-014-0825-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10098-014-0825-5 Effects of alumina nanoparticles in waste chicken fat biodiesel on the operating characteristics of a compression ignition engine [Elektronische Daten] [Naresh Gurusala, V Selvan] An experimental investigation was carried out to study the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of a compression ignition (CI) engine fuelled with waste chicken fat biodiesel with alumina nanoparticles as an additive. The disposal of waste chicken creates environmental pollution, hence it is decided to extract oil from the waste chicken fat and produce biodiesel through transesterification process. As the chicken fat contains 13.6% free fatty acid (FFA), a pre-treatment process was carried out using Ferric sulphate as a catalyst in order to reduce the FFA content less than 1% to prevent soap formation during the process. Potassium hydroxide was used as catalysts for the effective conversion of triglycerides of waste chicken fat into methyl ester. Various diesel-biodiesel-alumina blends were prepared by varying the biodiesel proportions of 20 and 40% by volume and 25 and 50ppm of alumina nanoparticles to study its operating characteristics on a computerized single cylinder, constant speed CI engine. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles were used as fuel born catalyst in order to enhance the combustion characteristics and reduce the harmful emissions. The engine test results showed less improvement in brake thermal efficiency and significant reduction on the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emissions. However, higher nitrogen oxide emissions were recorded due to the increase in combustion temperature as the nanoparticles enhanced the surface area to volume ratio which improves the thermal conductivity of the fuel blend resulted in improved combustion. Smoke reduction of 52.8% was observed in B40 fuel blend with 50ppm alumina nanoparticles under full load conditions. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Alumina nanoparticles nationallicence Waste chicken fat biodiesel nationallicence Performance nationallicence Combustion nationallicence Engine exhaust emissions nationallicence Al2O3 : Aluminium oxide nationallicence B20Al25 : Diesel 80%+Biodiesel 20%+Alumina nanoparticles 25ppm nationallicence B20Al50 : Diesel 80%+Biodiesel 20%+Alumina nanoparticles 50ppm nationallicence B40Al25 : Diesel 60%+Biodiesel 40%+Alumina nanoparticles 25ppm nationallicence B40Al50 : Diesel 60%+Biodiesel 40%+Alumina nanoparticles 50ppm nationallicence bmep : Brake mean effective pressure nationallicence BSFC : Brake specific fuel consumption nationallicence BTE : Brake thermal efficiency nationallicence CI : Compression ignition nationallicence CNT : Carbon nanotubes nationallicence CO : Carbon monoxide nationallicence FFA : Free fatty acid nationallicence HC : Hydrocarbon nationallicence HRR : Heat release rate nationallicence ID : Ignition delay nationallicence NOx : Nitrogen oxides nationallicence PM : Particulate matter nationallicence ppm : particles per million nationallicence RoPR : Rate of pressure raise nationallicence TDC : Top dead center nationallicence WCF : Waste chicken fat nationallicence WCFME : Waste chicken fat methyl ester nationallicence Gurusala Naresh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, 620 015, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Selvan V. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, 620 015, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/3(2015-03-01), 681-692 1618-954X 17:3<681 2015 17 10098 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0825-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0825-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gurusala Naresh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, 620 015, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Selvan V. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, 620 015, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17/3(2015-03-01), 681-692 1618-954X 17:3<681 2015 17 10098