caa a22 4500 60617446X CHVBK 20210128100738.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11244-015-0492-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11244-015-0492-8 When Small is Big: The Role of Impurities in Electrocatalysis [Elektronische Daten] [Dusan Strmcnik, Dongguo Li, Pietro Lopes, Dusan Tripkovic, Kensaku Kodama, Vojislav Stamenkovic, Nenad Markovic] Improvements in the fundamental understanding of electrocatalysis have started to revolutionize the development of electrochemical interfaces for the efficient conversion of chemical energy into electricity, as well as for the utilization of electrons to produce new chemicals that then can be re-used in energy conversion systems. Here, some facets of the role of trace level of impurities (from 10−7 to 10−6M) in electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen oxidation and evolution reactions, and CO oxidation reactions are explored on well-characterized platinum single crystal surfaces and high surface area materials in alkaline and acidic environments. Of particular interest is the effect of anions (e.g., Cl−, $$ {\text{NO}}_{ 3}^{ - } $$ NO 3 - ) and cations (i.e., Cu2+) present in the supporting electrolytes as well as surface defects (i.e., ad-islands) that are present on metal surfaces. The examples presented are chosen to demonstrate that a small level of impurities may play a crucial role in governing the reactivity of electrochemical interfaces. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Electrocatalysis nationallicence ORR nationallicence CO oxidation nationallicence Impurity effect nationallicence Strmcnik Dusan Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Li Dongguo Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Lopes Pietro Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Tripkovic Dusan Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Kodama Kensaku Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Stamenkovic Vojislav Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Markovic Nenad Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut Topics in Catalysis Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 58/18-20(2015-11-01), 1174-1180 1022-5528 58:18-20<1174 2015 58 11244 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0492-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0492-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Strmcnik Dusan Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Dongguo Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lopes Pietro Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tripkovic Dusan Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kodama Kensaku Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stamenkovic Vojislav Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Markovic Nenad Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60559, Lemont, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Topics in Catalysis Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 58/18-20(2015-11-01), 1174-1180 1022-5528 58:18-20<1174 2015 58 11244