caa a22 4500 606176128 CHVBK 20210128100746.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00018-015-1841-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00018-015-1841-2 Balance or imbalance: inhibitory circuits for direction selectivity in the auditory system [Elektronische Daten] [Cal Rabang, Jeff Lin, Guangying Wu] The auditory system detects and processes dynamic sound information transmitted in the environment. Other than the basic acoustic parameters, such as frequency, amplitude and phase, the time-varying changes of these parameters must also be encoded in our brain. Frequency-modulated (FM) sound is socially and environmentally significant, and the direction of FM sweeps is essential for animal communication and human speech. Many auditory neurons selectively respond to the directional change of such FM signals. In the past half century, our knowledge of auditory representation and processing has been updated frequently, due to technological advancement. Recently, in vivo whole-cell voltage clamp recordings have been applied to different brain regions in sensory systems. These recordings illustrate the synaptic mechanisms underlying basic sensory information processing and provide profound insights toward our understanding of neural circuits for complex signal analysis. In this review, we summarize the major findings of direction selectivity at several key auditory regions and emphasize on the recent discoveries on the synaptic mechanisms for direction selectivity in the auditory system. We conclude this review by describing promising technical developments in dissecting neural circuits and future directions in the study of complex sound analysis. Springer Basel, 2015 Direction selectivity nationallicence Frequency modulation nationallicence Auditory system nationallicence Excitation and Inhibition nationallicence In vivo whole-cell voltage clamp recording nationallicence Rabang Cal Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut Lin Jeff Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut Wu Guangying Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/10(2015-05-01), 1893-1906 1420-682X 72:10<1893 2015 72 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1841-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1841-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rabang Cal Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lin Jeff Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Guangying Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2300 Eye St NW, 20037, Washington, DC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/10(2015-05-01), 1893-1906 1420-682X 72:10<1893 2015 72 18