caa a22 4500 606176373 CHVBK 20210128100747.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00018-015-1925-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00018-015-1925-z Chemokines and microRNAs in atherosclerosis [Elektronische Daten] [Petra Hartmann, Andreas Schober, Christian Weber] The crucial role of chemokines in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis has been widely recognized. Through essential functions in leukocyte recruitment, chemokines govern the infiltration with mononuclear cells and macrophage accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions. Beyond recruitment, chemokines also provide homeostatic functions supporting cell survival and mediating the mobilization and homing of progenitor cells. As a new regulatory layer, several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to modulate the function of endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells and macrophages by controlling the expression levels of chemokines and thereby affecting different stages in the progression of atherosclerosis. For instance, the expression of CXCL1 can be down-regulated by miR-181b, which inhibits nuclear factor-κB activation in atherosclerotic endothelium, thus attenuating the adhesive properties of ECs and exerting early atheroprotective effects. Conversely, CXCL12 expression can be induced by miR-126 in ECs through an auto-amplifying feedback loop to facilitate endothelial regeneration, thus limiting atherosclerosis and mediating plaque stabilization. In contrast, miR-155 plays a pro-atherogenic role by promoting the expression of CCL2 in M1-type macrophages, thereby enhancing vascular inflammation. Herein, we will review novel aspects of chemokines and their regulation by miRNAs during atherogenesis. Understanding the complex cross-talk of miRNAs controlling chemokine expression may open novel therapeutic options to treat atherosclerosis. The Author(s), 2015 Chemokines nationallicence MicroRNAs nationallicence Atherosclerosis nationallicence Inflammation nationallicence Hartmann Petra Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut Schober Andreas Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut Weber Christian Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/17(2015-09-01), 3253-3266 1420-682X 72:17<3253 2015 72 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1925-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1925-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hartmann Petra Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schober Andreas Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Weber Christian Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/17(2015-09-01), 3253-3266 1420-682X 72:17<3253 2015 72 18