caa a22 4500 606177221 CHVBK 20210128100751.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00018-015-1990-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00018-015-1990-3 The role of Alu elements in the cis -regulation of RNA processing [Elektronische Daten] [Chammiran Daniel, Mikaela Behm, Marie Öhman] The human genome is under constant invasion by retrotransposable elements. The most successful of these are the Alu elements; with a copy number of over a million, they occupy about 10% of the entire genome. Interestingly, the vast majority of these Alu insertions are located in gene-rich regions, and one-third of all human genes contains an Alu insertion. Alu sequences are often embedded in gene sequence encoding pre-mRNAs and mature mRNAs, usually as part of their intron or UTRs. Once transcribed, they can regulate gene expression as well as increase the number of RNA isoforms expressed in a tissue or a species. They also regulate the function of other RNAs, like microRNAs, circular RNAs, and potentially long non-coding RNAs. Mechanistically, Alu elements exert their effects by influencing diverse processes, such as RNA editing, exonization, and RNA processing. In so doing, they have undoubtedly had a profound effect on human evolution. Springer Basel, 2015 Alu element nationallicence Retrotransposon nationallicence SINE nationallicence Exonization nationallicence RNA editing nationallicence circRNA nationallicence miRNA nationallicence Daniel Chammiran Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut Behm Mikaela Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut Öhman Marie Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/21(2015-11-01), 4063-4076 1420-682X 72:21<4063 2015 72 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1990-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1990-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Daniel Chammiran Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Behm Mikaela Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Öhman Marie Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/21(2015-11-01), 4063-4076 1420-682X 72:21<4063 2015 72 18