caa a22 4500 60617723X CHVBK 20210128100751.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00018-015-1997-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00018-015-1997-9 Epigenetic regulation of the intestinal epithelium [Elektronische Daten] [Ellen Elliott, Klaus Kaestner] The intestinal epithelium is an ideal model system for the study of normal and pathological differentiation processes. The mammalian intestinal epithelium is a single cell layer comprising proliferative crypts and differentiated villi. The crypts contain both proliferating and quiescent stem cell populations that self-renew and produce all the differentiated cell types, which are replaced every 3-5days. The genetics of intestinal development, homeostasis, and disease are well defined, but less is known about the contribution of epigenetics in modulating these processes. Epigenetics refers to heritable phenotypic traits, including gene expression, which are independent of mutations in the DNA sequence. We have known for several decades that human colorectal cancers contain hypomethylated DNA, but the causes and consequences of this phenomenon are not fully understood. In contrast, tumor suppressor gene promoters are often hypermethylated in colorectal cancer, resulting in decreased expression of the associated gene. In this review, we describe the role that epigenetics plays in intestinal homeostasis and disease, with an emphasis on results from mouse models. We highlight the importance of producing and analyzing next-generation sequencing data detailing the epigenome from intestinal stem cell to differentiated intestinal villus cell. Springer Basel, 2015 Intestinal epithelium nationallicence Epigenetics nationallicence DNA methylation nationallicence Colorectal cancer nationallicence Elliott Ellen Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 12-126 Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut Kaestner Klaus Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 12-126 Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/21(2015-11-01), 4139-4156 1420-682X 72:21<4139 2015 72 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1997-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1997-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Elliott Ellen Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 12-126 Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kaestner Klaus Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 12-126 Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Springer Basel 72/21(2015-11-01), 4139-4156 1420-682X 72:21<4139 2015 72 18