caa a22 4500 606186794 CHVBK 20210128100837.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00405-014-2986-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00405-014-2986-6 The effect of memantine on functional recovery of the facial nerve after crush injury [Elektronische Daten] [Murat Topdag, Deniz Topdag, Kadri Ila, Bahar Muezzinoglu, Busra Yaprak, Murat Ozturk, Sebla Caliskan, Mete Iseri] The objective of this study is to establish whether memantine is an alternative and effective treatment on facial nerve recovery after crush injury, and also to analyze the effective doses of this promising agent. This is a randomized controlled animal study. 40 rats underwent crush injury to left main trunk of the facial nerve, and divided into 4 groups; (1) control (saline treated), (2) 5-mg/kg memantine, (3) 10-mg/kg memantine, and (4) 20-mg/kg memantine group. Facial nerve functions were evaluated by eye reflex, and whisker movement compared to the unaffected side. They were scored on a 3-point scale. On day 28, the rats were sacrificed, and the facial nerves were dissected. The paraffin sections were studied with caspase-3 immunostaining. According to statistical data, the recovery in Group 4 began significantly earlier than the other groups on the basis of restoring eye blink reflexes and whisker movement. Groups 2 and 3 showed faster recovery than Group 1 on the basis of whisker movement. The caspase-3 positive staining was rarely detected in all groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that Group 4 showed fewer apoptotic cells than other groups; this was statistically significant. However, the Mann-Whitney U test with the Bonferroni correction did not reveal any significant difference between the groups. In conclusion, this study revealed that memantine acted to restore facial nerve functions, and accelerate recovery after facial nerve injury by inhibiting apoptosis. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Memantine nationallicence Facial nerve nationallicence Facial injury nationallicence Apoptosis nationallicence Topdag Murat ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Topdag Deniz ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Ila Kadri ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Muezzinoglu Bahar Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Yaprak Busra Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Ozturk Murat ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Caliskan Sebla ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Iseri Mete ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 272/2(2015-02-01), 473-478 0937-4477 272:2<473 2015 272 405 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-2986-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-2986-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Topdag Murat ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Topdag Deniz ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ila Kadri ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Muezzinoglu Bahar Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yaprak Busra Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ozturk Murat ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Caliskan Sebla ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Iseri Mete ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41380, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 272/2(2015-02-01), 473-478 0937-4477 272:2<473 2015 272 405