caa a22 4500 606190333 CHVBK 20210128100854.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10577-014-9455-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10577-014-9455-3 Strategies for cloning and manipulating natural and synthetic chromosomes [Elektronische Daten] [Bogumil Karas, Yo Suzuki, Philip Weyman] Advances in synthetic biology methods to assemble and edit DNA are enabling genome engineering at a previously impracticable scale and scope. The synthesis of the Mycoplasma mycoides genome followed by its transplantation to convert a related cell into M. mycoides has transformed strain engineering. This approach exemplifies the combination of newly emerging chromosome-scale genome editing strategies that can be defined in three main steps: (1) chromosome acquisition into a microbial engineering platform, (2) alteration and improvement of the acquired chromosome, and (3) installation of the modified chromosome into the original or alternative organism. In this review, we outline recent progress in methods for acquiring chromosomes and chromosome-scale DNA molecules in the workhorse organisms Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We present overviews of important genetic strategies and tools for each of the three organisms, point out their respective strengths and weaknesses, and highlight how the host systems can be used in combination to facilitate chromosome assembly or engineering. Finally, we highlight efforts for the installation of the cloned/altered chromosomes or fragments into the target organism and present remaining challenges in expanding this powerful experimental approach to a wider range of target organisms. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2015 Saccharomyces cerevisiae nationallicence Escherichia coli nationallicence Bacillus subtilis nationallicence Whole-genome cloning nationallicence Genome transplantation nationallicence Synthetic genomics nationallicence AAI : Acquire, alter, and install nationallicence YAC : Yeast artificial chromosome nationallicence Bsu168 : B. subtilis strain Marburg 168 nationallicence BGM : Bacillus GenoMe nationallicence IWe : Inchworm elongation nationallicence OGAB : Ordered gene assembly in Bsu168 nationallicence BACs : Bacterial artificial chromosomes nationallicence PCR : Polymerase chain reaction nationallicence MAGE : Multiplex automated genome engineering nationallicence CAGE : Conjugative assembly genome engineering nationallicence ARS : Autonomously replicating sequence nationallicence ORC : Origin recognition complex nationallicence TAR : Transformation-associated recombination nationallicence 5-FOA : 5-Fluoroorotic acid nationallicence TREC : Tandem repeat coupled with endonuclease cleavage nationallicence DSB : Double-stranded break nationallicence TALENs : Transcription activator-like effector nucleases nationallicence CRISPRs : Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats nationallicence TALE : Transcription activator-like effector nationallicence gRNA : Guide RNA nationallicence PEG : Polyethylene glycol nationallicence Karas Bogumil Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut Suzuki Yo Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut Weyman Philip Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut Chromosome Research Springer Netherlands 23/1(2015-02-01), 57-68 0967-3849 23:1<57 2015 23 10577 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-014-9455-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-014-9455-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karas Bogumil Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Suzuki Yo Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Weyman Philip Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Chromosome Research Springer Netherlands 23/1(2015-02-01), 57-68 0967-3849 23:1<57 2015 23 10577