caa a22 4500 60619200X CHVBK 20210128105228.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00391-014-0669-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00391-014-0669-y The emerging trend of work beyond retirement age in Germany [Elektronische Daten] Increasing social inequality? [D. Hofäcker, E. Naumann] Arbeiten nach 65 in Deutschland Eine zunehmende soziale Ungleichheit? Background: Population ageing, demographic change and the financial crisis has put the financial sustainability of the German pension system at risk. In reaction to these challenges, Germany recently abandoned generous early retirement policies and moved towards policies encouraging higher employment among the elderly. Objectives: In this article we evaluate how these labour market and pension policies affected the retirement decisions of older workers in Germany over the last three decades. Complementing previous research on early retirement, we focus in particular on those working past the mandatory retirement age of 65years and examine whether the composition of this group of postretirement-age workers has changed over time. Data and methods: We analyse pooled cross-sectional data from three rounds of the German Ageing Survey which allow us to cover the last three decades from 1980 to 2008. Estimating multinomial logit models we distinguish explanatory factors on the individual, organizational and institutional level that frame the decision to leave the labour market before the age of 65, to stop working at 65 or to work past 65. Results: Over the last three decades, the share of German workers leaving the labour market after the mandatory retirement age of 65 has increased markedly. This trend towards working longer has changed particularly among the low educated workforce which in previous decades traditionally has exhibited a tendency to retire early. In contrast to high-skilled workers, the decision to work longer among low-educated workers is mainly driven by financial need (and is usually not in line with their desire or their ability to work for longer). Conclusion: Our findings suggest an increase in social inequality in retirement decisions as a result of the policy shift towards activation. We conclude by arguing for a more fine-grained understanding of the reasons why people work longer. Such research would provide valuable insights into how to design future labour market and pension reforms preventing a rise in social inequalities. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Retirement nationallicence Employment nationallicence Social change nationallicence Public policy nationallicence Social class nationallicence Renteneintritt nationallicence Beschäftigung nationallicence Sozialer Wandel nationallicence Renten- und Arbeitsmarktreform nationallicence Soziale Schichten nationallicence Hofäcker D. Lehrstuhl für Methoden der quantitativen Sozialforschung, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany aut Naumann E. SFB 884 "The Political Economy of Reforms”, Universität Mannheim, 68161, Mannheim, Germany aut Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie Springer Berlin Heidelberg 48/5(2015-07-01), 473-479 0948-6704 48:5<473 2015 48 391 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-014-0669-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-014-0669-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hofäcker D. Lehrstuhl für Methoden der quantitativen Sozialforschung, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Naumann E. SFB 884 "The Political Economy of Reforms”, Universität Mannheim, 68161, Mannheim, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie Springer Berlin Heidelberg 48/5(2015-07-01), 473-479 0948-6704 48:5<473 2015 48 391 SWISSBIB 343224259