caa a22 4500 606193316 CHVBK 20210128100909.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10682-015-9793-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10682-015-9793-4 Testing the matching habitat choice hypothesis in nature: phenotype-environment correlation and fitness in a songbird population [Elektronische Daten] [Carlos Camacho, David Canal, Jaime Potti] The matching habitat choice hypothesis holds that individuals with different phenotypes actively select the habitats to which they are best adapted, hence maximizing fitness. Despite the potential implications of matching habitat choice for many ecological and evolutionary processes, very few studies have tested its predictions. Here, we use a 26-year dataset on a spatially structured population of pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) to test whether phenotype-dependent dispersal and habitat selection translate into increased fitness, as measured by recruitment success. In our study system, males at the extremes of the body size range segregate into deciduous and coniferous forests through nonrandom dispersal. According to the matching habitat choice hypothesis, fitness of large-sized males is expected to be higher in the deciduous habitat, where they preferentially settle to breed, while the reverse would be true for small-sized males, which are more frequent in the coniferous forest. Our results showed that recruitment success in the coniferous forest increased non-linearly with body size, with males at the middle of the size range having higher fitness than both large and small-sized males. However, no clear trend was observed in the deciduous forest where males of either size had similar fitness. After empirically discarding other important processes potentially confounding matching habitat choice, as genotype- and body condition-dependent dispersal, competitive exclusion remains the most likely force shaping the nonrandom distribution of male pied flycatchers. A conclusive demonstration of the operation and occurrence of matching habitat choice in nature remains therefore to be done. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015 Body size nationallicence Ficedula hypoleuca nationallicence Local adaptation nationallicence Nonrandom dispersal nationallicence Population divergence nationallicence Camacho Carlos Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut Canal David Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut Potti Jaime Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/6(2015-11-01), 873-886 0269-7653 29:6<873 2015 29 10682 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-015-9793-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-015-9793-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Camacho Carlos Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Canal David Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Potti Jaime Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/6(2015-11-01), 873-886 0269-7653 29:6<873 2015 29 10682