caa a22 4500 606193391 CHVBK 20210128100909.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10682-014-9729-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10682-014-9729-4 Convergence of anti-bee pollination mechanisms in the Neotropical plant genus Drymonia (Gesneriaceae) [Elektronische Daten] [John Clark, Laura Clavijo, Nathan Muchhala] The neotropical plant genus Drymonia displays a remarkable variety of floral shapes and colors. One feature that is particularly important to coevolution with pollinators involves the variable shapes and widths of corolla tubes. To evaluate the evolutionary context for changes in corolla shape, we constructed a phylogeny of 50 of the 75 species of Drymonia using molecular markers from plastid (trnK-matK) and nuclear regions (ITS and ETS). Mapping tube shapes on the phylogeny supports open, bell-shaped (campanulate) corolla shape as the ancestral character state for Drymonia, with multiple independent origins of constriction in the corolla tube. Corollas with constrictions take one of three tube shapes: a constricted flower opening and throat with a large, expanded pouch on the lower surface (hypocyrtoid); a constricted flower opening and throat lacking an expanded pouch on the lower surface (urceolate); or a constricted opening and throat where the sides of the corolla appear laterally compressed. Fieldwork demonstrates euglossine bees (mostly Euglossa spp. and Epicharis spp.) visit campanulate corollas while hummingbirds visit corollas that are constricted. Results support eight independent origins of constricted corolla tubes from ancestors with campanulate corolla tubes: 3 hypocyrtoid clades, 3 laterally compressed clades, and 3 urceolate clades (one of which represents a shift from a hypocyrtoid ancestor). Constricted corollas are associated with shifts from the ancestral condition of poricidal anther dehiscence, which presents pollen to pollinators in multiple small doses, to the derived condition of longitudinal anther dehiscence, which presents all pollen to pollinators simultaneously. The association of hummingbird pollination with constricted corolla tubes suggests that narrowing evolved as a barrier mechanism that prohibits the visitation of flowers by bees. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2014 Convergence nationallicence Drymonia nationallicence Gesneriaceae nationallicence Hypocyrtoid corollas nationallicence Laterally compressed corollas nationallicence Pollination biology nationallicence Poricidal anther dehiscence nationallicence Urceolate corollas nationallicence Clark John Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Box 870345, 35487-0345, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA aut Clavijo Laura Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Box 870345, 35487-0345, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA aut Muchhala Nathan Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Blvd., 631121, St. Louis, MO, USA aut Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/3(2015-05-01), 355-377 0269-7653 29:3<355 2015 29 10682 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-014-9729-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-014-9729-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clark John Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Box 870345, 35487-0345, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clavijo Laura Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Box 870345, 35487-0345, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Muchhala Nathan Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Blvd., 631121, St. Louis, MO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/3(2015-05-01), 355-377 0269-7653 29:3<355 2015 29 10682