caa a22 4500 606193464 CHVBK 20210128100909.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10682-015-9763-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10682-015-9763-x Climate change and coevolution in the cuckoo-reed warbler system [Elektronische Daten] [Daniel Berkowic, Bård Stokke, Shai Meiri, Shai Markman] The evolution of traits in hosts may be influenced by their parasites and vice versa and a coevolutionary arms race often develops between the two. As part of such an arms race, the common cuckoo mimics the eggs of its hosts to avoid egg rejection. Traits related to this arms race may also be influenced by climatic conditions, such as temperature, affecting, for example, food availability and, thus, female condition and egg size (therefore may reflect Bergmann's rule or the resource rule). The potential interaction between coevolution and climate has rarely been studied. We investigated whether egg and body size of cuckoos and reed warblers from Britain and Denmark had undergone change between 1868 and 1956, and whether such changes were correlated with climatic factors. Cuckoo egg size decreased during the studied period while warbler egg size remained stable. Hence, cuckoo and warbler eggs have become more similar in size over time. Cuckoo egg volume decreased with increasing annual precipitation, but annual precipitation decreased over time. Warbler egg volume increased with spring temperatures (which could not reflect Bergmann's rule, but may support the resource rule). Hence, it seems that the measured climatic indices did not affect cuckoo egg size but may in part affect warbler egg size. Therefore, the decrease in cuckoo egg size may be the result of the coevolutionary arms race. Body and egg sizes in the cuckoos were negatively correlated whereas warbler body and egg sizes were uncorrelated, suggesting that selection probably acted on egg size directly and not via selection on body size. Taken together, these findings may indicate that climate change, the coevolutionary arms race, or both, affected egg sizes. It is suggested that drawing conclusions regarding the arms race without taking into account other selective pressures (e.g., climate) may confound conclusions regarding parasite-host systems. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015 Arms-race nationallicence Birds nationallicence Body size nationallicence Brood parasitism nationallicence Egg size nationallicence Climate change nationallicence Berkowic Daniel Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel aut Stokke Bård Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway aut Meiri Shai Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel aut Markman Shai Department of Biology and Environment, University of Haifa - Oranim, 36006, Tivon, Israel aut Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/4(2015-07-01), 581-597 0269-7653 29:4<581 2015 29 10682 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-015-9763-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-015-9763-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Berkowic Daniel Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stokke Bård Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Meiri Shai Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Markman Shai Department of Biology and Environment, University of Haifa - Oranim, 36006, Tivon, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Evolutionary Ecology Springer International Publishing 29/4(2015-07-01), 581-597 0269-7653 29:4<581 2015 29 10682