caa a22 4500 60619469X CHVBK 20210128100915.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10934-014-9877-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10934-014-9877-5 Preparation, characterization and kinetic behavior of supported copper oxide catalysts on almond shell-based activated carbon for oxidation of toluene in air [Elektronische Daten] [Mohammad Zabihi, Jalal Shayegan, Mahdi Fahimirad, Farhad Khorasheh] Dispersed copper oxide nano-catalysts supported on almond shell-based activated carbon were prepared for catalytic oxidation of toluene in air. The response surface methodology was used to express the catalyst removal efficiency in terms of catalyst metal loading and calcination temperature. Catalyst activity increased with both increasing calcination temperature and metal loading. Calcination temperature had a significant effect on the catalyst activity only at high metal loadings. Two different catalyst preparation methods were employed to investigate the effect of impregnation technique on the deposition-precipitation method. Well-dispersed nano catalysts with higher efficiency towards oxidation of toluene were prepared by the heterogeneous deposition-precipitation (HDP) as compared with the combined impregnation and deposition-precipitation method. The support and catalyst properties were determined by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, Boehm test, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Characterization analyses and reaction experiments indicated the antonym effect of impregnation method on the deposition-precipitation method for catalyst preparation. Two types of crystallite (large and small) were formed on the support as a consequence of using the combined catalyst preparation method. Kinetic models were proposed for oxidation of toluene using copper oxide catalysts prepared by the HDP method. The kinetic study indicated that an Eley-Rideal mechanism could adequately describe the kinetic behavior of toluene oxidation. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2014 Toluene nationallicence Oxidation nationallicence Copper nationallicence Activated carbon nationallicence Deposition-precipitation nationallicence Impregnation nationallicence C0 : Inlet feed concentration (ppm) nationallicence Ce : Exit gas concentration (ppm) nationallicence D : Mean crystallite diameter (nm) nationallicence K : Dimensionless shape factor=0.9 nationallicence λ : X-ray wavelength nationallicence Β : Line broadening at half maximum intensity nationallicence Θ : Bragg angle nationallicence XT : Steady state conversion of the toluene nationallicence W : Weight of catalyst loaded in reactor (g) nationallicence Ν : Inlet molar flow rate of toluene (mol/s) nationallicence r : Rate of toluene oxidation (mol/gs) nationallicence Error : Objective function of GA methodology for estimating kinetic constants was the absolute error nationallicence E : Activation energy (kJ/mol) nationallicence ∆H : Adsorption enthalpy (kJ/mol) nationallicence R : Gas constant (J/molK) nationallicence R2 : Correlation coefficient nationallicence N : Reaction order nationallicence kr : Kinetic constant (mol/gs) nationallicence Kads,T : Adsorption constant of toluene nationallicence Xexp : Obtained toluene conversion from experimental data nationallicence Tc : Calcination temperature nationallicence Zabihi Mohammad Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut Shayegan Jalal Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut Fahimirad Mahdi Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut Khorasheh Farhad Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut Journal of Porous Materials Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 22/1(2015-02-01), 101-118 1380-2224 22:1<101 2015 22 10934 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-014-9877-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-014-9877-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zabihi Mohammad Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shayegan Jalal Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fahimirad Mahdi Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Khorasheh Farhad Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9465, Tehran, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Porous Materials Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 22/1(2015-02-01), 101-118 1380-2224 22:1<101 2015 22 10934