caa a22 4500 606199802 CHVBK 20210128100940.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10653-014-9633-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10653-014-9633-4 Evaluation of sediment contamination with heavy metals: the importance of determining appropriate background content and suitable element for normalization [Elektronische Daten] [Sanja Sakan, Gordana Dević, Dubravka Relić, Ivan Anđelković, Nenad Sakan, Dragana Đorđević] In the present study, concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Co, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined at 35 river sediments in Serbia. The anthropogenic heavy metals input and quantification of the metal enrichment degree in sediments were estimated by calculating geo-accumulation indices (I geo) and enrichment factors (EF). These pollution indices have been calculated using different background values (continental crust and local background values) and different element used for normalization (Al and Fe), followed by result comparison. The EF values calculated with continental crust as background (minor to extremely severe enrichment) were higher than when regional background values were used (minor to moderate enrichment). Significant influence of background values on the I geo values is observed. Values of geo-accumulation index (<2) revealed that studied river sediments are remaining unpolluted to moderately polluted with Co, Mn, Cr, and Ni. Significant pollution in the sediments was observed for Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn elements. The results of this study confirm the relevance of precise and accurate determining of local background concentrations while assessing sediment pollution. The values of EFs for studied elements were more influenced by the choice of background values than selection of element used for normalization. Our recommendation would be to use the local and regional background content in quantification of metal contamination in sediments, since these values differ and are site and region dependent. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2014 Heavy metals nationallicence Background values nationallicence Sediments nationallicence Geo-accumulation indices nationallicence Enrichment factors nationallicence Sakan Sanja ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut Dević Gordana ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut Relić Dubravka Faculty of Chemistry, Applied Chemistry, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 51, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut Anđelković Ivan Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Chemistry, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia aut Sakan Nenad Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, P. O. Box 68, 11081, Belgrade, Serbia aut Đorđević Dragana ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut Environmental Geochemistry and Health Springer Netherlands 37/1(2015-02-01), 97-113 0269-4042 37:1<97 2015 37 10653 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9633-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9633-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sakan Sanja ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dević Gordana ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Relić Dubravka Faculty of Chemistry, Applied Chemistry, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 51, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Anđelković Ivan Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Chemistry, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sakan Nenad Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, P. O. Box 68, 11081, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Đorđević Dragana ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Geochemistry and Health Springer Netherlands 37/1(2015-02-01), 97-113 0269-4042 37:1<97 2015 37 10653