caa a22 4500 606199810 CHVBK 20210128100940.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10653-014-9632-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10653-014-9632-5 Phthalate esters in water and sediments of the Kaveri River, India: environmental levels and ecotoxicological evaluations [Elektronische Daten] [Krishna Selvaraj, Gomathy Sundaramoorthy, Praveen Ravichandran, Girish Girijan, Srimurali Sampath, Babu Ramaswamy] Phthalate esters are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as "endocrine disruptors.” In this study, environmental levels of phthalate esters and ecotoxicological risk assessments were performed in one of the major rivers in India, the Kaveri. Water and sediment samples were collected during 2010-2012 representing the major stretch of the river and extracted by solid-phase and ultrasonic methods, respectively, and analyzed for six major phthalates by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The analytical recovery for phthalates in water and sediment ranged from 79 to 121%. Results indicated that diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dimethyl phthalate were found in every sample, whereas butylbenzyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were detected in 92% of the water samples. Likewise, in sediment samples, DEP was found most often (94%). The total phthalates in water samples ranged from 313 to 1,640ng/l, whereas in sediments it was 2 to 1,438ng/g dw (dry weight) with DEHP having the highest concentration. Human health risk assessment based on drinking water consumption showed no potential risk for phthalates and also DEHP levels were safe with respect to USEPA guideline (6,000ng/l). Further, DEHP and di-n-octyl phthalate levels in water were expected to pose little threat to sensitive organisms in the riverine ecosystem as per ECOSAR chronic values. In case of sediment, the DEHP concentration was well above the USEPA sediment guideline value. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the levels and ecotoxicological risks of phthalates in Kaveri River, India. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2014 Phthalates nationallicence Sediment nationallicence Kaveri River water nationallicence Health risk assessment nationallicence Endocrine disruptors nationallicence Selvaraj Krishna Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Sundaramoorthy Gomathy Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Ravichandran Praveen Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Girijan Girish Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Sampath Srimurali Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Ramaswamy Babu Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut Environmental Geochemistry and Health Springer Netherlands 37/1(2015-02-01), 83-96 0269-4042 37:1<83 2015 37 10653 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9632-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9632-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Selvaraj Krishna Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sundaramoorthy Gomathy Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ravichandran Praveen Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Girijan Girish Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sampath Srimurali Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ramaswamy Babu Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620024, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Geochemistry and Health Springer Netherlands 37/1(2015-02-01), 83-96 0269-4042 37:1<83 2015 37 10653