caa a22 4500 606201149 CHVBK 20210128100946.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-013-0642-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-013-0642-3 Distribution and neurochemical characterization of neurons in the rat ventrolateral medulla activated by glucoprivation [Elektronische Daten] [Lindsay Parker, Natasha Kumar, Tina Lonergan, Simon McMullan, Ann Goodchild] Hypoglycemia elicits physiological and behavioral responses which are mediated in part by neurons within the ventrolateral medulla (VLM). The present study describes the neurochemistry of neurons activated by glucoprivation (2-deoxy-d-glucose, 2DG), specifically those within regions containing the A1, caudal C1 (cC1) and rostral C1 (rC1) cell groups. 2DG induced c-Fos immunoreactivity throughout the VLM. Activated neurons expressing prepro-cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (PPCART), neuropeptide Y (NPY), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) or prepro-enkephalin (PPE) mRNA and/or immunoreactivity (-ir) for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were identified. TH+ neurons were recruited in a dose-dependent manner. At high doses of 2DG [400mg/kg, (n=6)], 76±1.2% of activated neurons were TH+ representing 52±1.3% of the total TH population. Virtually all activated neurons in the A1 and cC1 regions but only 60% in the rC1 region were TH+. Within the A1 region, TH+, TH+NPY+ and TH+NPY+PPE+ subpopulations were activated and likely regulate vasopressin, oxytocin, and corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus. Within the cC1 region, non-TH neurons, TH+NPY+, TH+NPY+PPCART+, and TH+NPY+PPE+ subpopulations were activated, likely regulating autonomic hypothalamic neurons or CRH and thyrotropin releasing hormone secretion. Within the rC1 region, non-TH neurons (40% of those activated) were predominantly PPE+ and were recruited by higher 2DG doses. Of the TH+ activated neurons in the rC1 region, many expressed PPCART and half expressed NPY. The activated spinally projecting population was almost entirely TH+PPCART+ and is likely to regulate adrenaline and glucagon release. These data indicate that glucoprivation activates at least nine phenotypically distinct populations of neurons in the VLM. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2013 Glucoprivation nationallicence RVLM nationallicence C1 neurons nationallicence A1 nationallicence Bulbospinal nationallicence Neurochemical coding nationallicence Parker Lindsay The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut Kumar Natasha The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut Lonergan Tina The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut McMullan Simon The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut Goodchild Ann The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/1(2015-01-01), 117-134 1863-2653 220:1<117 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-013-0642-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-013-0642-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Parker Lindsay The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kumar Natasha The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lonergan Tina The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McMullan Simon The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Goodchild Ann The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, 2109, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/1(2015-01-01), 117-134 1863-2653 220:1<117 2015 220 429