caa a22 4500 60620170X CHVBK 20210128100949.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-014-0860-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-014-0860-3 The neocortex of cetartiodactyls: I. A comparative Golgi analysis of neuronal morphology in the bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus ), the minke whale ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata ), and the humpback whale ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) [Elektronische Daten] [Camilla Butti, Caroline Janeway, Courtney Townshend, Bridget Wicinski, Joy Reidenberg, Sam Ridgway, Chet Sherwood, Patrick Hof, Bob Jacobs] The present study documents the morphology of neurons in several regions of the neocortex from the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), the North Atlantic minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), and the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Golgi-stained neurons (n=210) were analyzed in the frontal and temporal neocortex as well as in the primary visual and primary motor areas. Qualitatively, all three species exhibited a diversity of neuronal morphologies, with spiny neurons including typical pyramidal types, similar to those observed in primates and rodents, as well as other spiny neuron types that had more variable morphology and/or orientation. Five neuron types, with a vertical apical dendrite, approximated the general pyramidal neuron morphology (i.e., typical pyramidal, extraverted, magnopyramidal, multiapical, and bitufted neurons), with a predominance of typical and extraverted pyramidal neurons. In what may represent a cetacean morphological apomorphy, both typical pyramidal and magnopyramidal neurons frequently exhibited a tri-tufted variant. In the humpback whale, there were also large, star-like neurons with no discernable apical dendrite. Aspiny bipolar and multipolar interneurons were morphologically consistent with those reported previously in other mammals. Quantitative analyses showed that neuronal size and dendritic extent increased in association with body size and brain mass (bottlenose dolphin<minke whale<humpback whale). The present data thus suggest that certain spiny neuron morphologies may be apomorphies in the neocortex of cetaceans as compared to other mammals and that neuronal dendritic extent covaries with brain and body size. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Cetacean neocortex nationallicence Neuronal morphology nationallicence Golgi method nationallicence Brain evolution nationallicence Butti Camilla Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut Janeway Caroline Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut Townshend Courtney Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut Wicinski Bridget Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut Reidenberg Joy Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut Ridgway Sam National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive, 92106, San Diego, CA, USA aut Sherwood Chet Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, 2110 G Street NW, 20052, Washington, DC, USA aut Hof Patrick Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut Jacobs Bob Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/6(2015-11-01), 3339-3368 1863-2653 220:6<3339 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0860-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0860-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Butti Camilla Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Janeway Caroline Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Townshend Courtney Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wicinski Bridget Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Reidenberg Joy Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ridgway Sam National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive, 92106, San Diego, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sherwood Chet Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, 2110 G Street NW, 20052, Washington, DC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hof Patrick Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1639, 10029, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jacobs Bob Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Psychology, Colorado College, 14 E. Cache La Poudre, 80903, Colorado Springs, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/6(2015-11-01), 3339-3368 1863-2653 220:6<3339 2015 220 429