caa a22 4500 606202285 CHVBK 20210128100952.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-014-0733-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-014-0733-9 The neuroinvasive profiles of H129 (herpes simplex virus type 1) recombinants with putative anterograde-only transneuronal spread properties [Elektronische Daten] [Gregory Wojaczynski, Esteban Engel, Karina Steren, Lynn Enquist, J. Patrick Card] The use of viruses as transneuronal tracers has become an increasingly powerful technique for defining the synaptic organization of neural networks. Although a number of recombinant alpha herpesviruses are known to spread selectively in the retrograde direction through neural circuits only one strain, the H129 strain of herpes simplex virus type 1, is reported to selectively spread in the anterograde direction. However, it is unclear from the literature whether there is an absolute block or an attenuation of retrograde spread of H129. Here, we demonstrate efficient anterograde spread, and temporally delayed retrograde spread, of H129 and three novel recombinants. In vitro studies revealed no differences in anterograde and retrograde spread of parental H129 and its recombinants through superior cervical ganglion neurons. In vivo injections of rat striatum revealed a clear bias of anterograde spread, although evidence of deficient retrograde transport was also present. Evidence of temporally delayed retrograde transneuronal spread of H129 in the retina was observed following injection of the lateral geniculate nucleus. The data also demonstrated that three novel recombinants efficiently express unique fluorescent reporters and have the capacity to infect the same neurons in dual infection paradigms. From these experiments we conclude that H129 and its recombinants not only efficiently infect neurons through anterograde transneuronal passage, but also are capable of temporally delayed retrograde transneuronal spread. In addition, the capacity to produce dual infection of projection targets following anterograde transneuronal passage provides an important addition to viral transneuronal tracing technology. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Herpes simplex virus nationallicence Transneuronal tracing nationallicence Anterograde nationallicence Retrograde nationallicence Recombinants nationallicence Fluorescent reporters nationallicence Dual infection nationallicence Wojaczynski Gregory Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut Engel Esteban Department of Molecular Biology and the Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA aut Steren Karina Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut Enquist Lynn Department of Molecular Biology and the Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA aut Patrick Card J. Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/3(2015-05-01), 1395-1420 1863-2653 220:3<1395 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0733-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0733-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wojaczynski Gregory Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Engel Esteban Department of Molecular Biology and the Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Steren Karina Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Enquist Lynn Department of Molecular Biology and the Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Patrick Card J. Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/3(2015-05-01), 1395-1420 1863-2653 220:3<1395 2015 220 429