caa a22 4500 60620279X CHVBK 20210128100954.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-014-0777-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-014-0777-x Interfering with the neural activity of mirror-related frontal areas impairs mentalistic inferences [Elektronische Daten] [Guillaume Herbet, Gilles Lafargue, Sylvie Moritz-Gasser, François Bonnetblanc, Hugues Duffau] According to recently proposed interactive dual-process theories, mentalizing abilities emerge from the coherent interaction between two physically distinct neural systems: (1) the mirror network, coding for the low-level embodied representations involved in pre-reflective sociocognitive processes and (2) the mentalizing network per se, which codes for higher level representations subtending the reflective attribution of psychological states. However, although the latest studies have shown that the core areas forming these two neurocognitive systems do indeed maintain effective connectivity during mentalizing, it is unclear whether an intact mirror system (and, more specifically, its anterior node, namely the posterior inferior frontal cortex) is a prerequisite for accurate mentalistic inferences. Intraoperative brain mapping via direct electrical stimulation offers a unique opportunity to address this issue. Electrical stimulation of the brain creates a "virtual” lesion, which provides functional information on well-defined parts of the cerebral cortex. In the present study, five patients were mapped in real time while they performed a mentalizing task. We found six responsive sites: four in the lateral part of the right pars opercularis and two in the dorsal part of the right pars triangularis. On the subcortical level, two additional sites were located within the white matter connectivity of the pars opercularis. Taken as a whole, our results suggest that the right inferior frontal cortex and its underlying axonal connectivity have a key role in mentalizing. Specifically, our findings support the hypothesis whereby transient, functional disruption of the mirror network influences higher order mentalistic inferences. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Mentalizing system nationallicence Mirror system nationallicence Pars opercularis nationallicence Brain mapping nationallicence Direct electrical stimulation nationallicence Social cognition nationallicence Herbet Guillaume Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Montpellier, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, 80, Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France aut Lafargue Gilles Functional Neuroscience and Pathologies Lab, EA-4559, Lille Nord de France University, 59120, Loos, France aut Moritz-Gasser Sylvie University of Montpellier 1, 34967, Montpellier, France aut Bonnetblanc François Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity Lab, INSERM U-1093, UFR STAPS, University of Bourgogne, 27877, Dijon, France aut Duffau Hugues Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Montpellier, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, 80, Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/4(2015-07-01), 2159-2169 1863-2653 220:4<2159 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0777-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0777-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Herbet Guillaume Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Montpellier, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, 80, Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lafargue Gilles Functional Neuroscience and Pathologies Lab, EA-4559, Lille Nord de France University, 59120, Loos, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Moritz-Gasser Sylvie University of Montpellier 1, 34967, Montpellier, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bonnetblanc François Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity Lab, INSERM U-1093, UFR STAPS, University of Bourgogne, 27877, Dijon, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Duffau Hugues Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Montpellier, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, 80, Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/4(2015-07-01), 2159-2169 1863-2653 220:4<2159 2015 220 429