caa a22 4500 606203257 CHVBK 20210128100956.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-013-0704-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-013-0704-6 Effects of congruent and incongruent visual cues on speech perception and brain activity in cochlear implant users [Elektronische Daten] [Jae-Jin Song, Hyo-Jeong Lee, Hyejin Kang, Dong Lee, Sun Chang, Seung Oh] While deafness-induced plasticity has been investigated in the visual and auditory domains, not much is known about language processing in audiovisual multimodal environments for patients with restored hearing via cochlear implant (CI) devices. Here, we examined the effect of agreeing or conflicting visual inputs on auditory processing in deaf patients equipped with degraded artificial hearing. Ten post-lingually deafened CI users with good performance, along with matched control subjects, underwent H 2 15 O-positron emission tomography scans while carrying out a behavioral task requiring the extraction of speech information from unimodal auditory stimuli, bimodal audiovisual congruent stimuli, and incongruent stimuli. Regardless of congruency, the control subjects demonstrated activation of the auditory and visual sensory cortices, as well as the superior temporal sulcus, the classical multisensory integration area, indicating a bottom-up multisensory processing strategy. Compared to CI users, the control subjects exhibited activation of the right ventral premotor-supramarginal pathway. In contrast, CI users activated primarily the visual cortices more in the congruent audiovisual condition than in the null condition. In addition, compared to controls, CI users displayed an activation focus in the right amygdala for congruent audiovisual stimuli. The most notable difference between the two groups was an activation focus in the left inferior frontal gyrus in CI users confronted with incongruent audiovisual stimuli, suggesting top-down cognitive modulation for audiovisual conflict. Correlation analysis revealed that good speech performance was positively correlated with right amygdala activity for the congruent condition, but negatively correlated with bilateral visual cortices regardless of congruency. Taken together these results suggest that for multimodal inputs, cochlear implant users are more vision-reliant when processing congruent stimuli and are disturbed more by visual distractors when confronted with incongruent audiovisual stimuli. To cope with this multimodal conflict, CI users activate the left inferior frontal gyrus to adopt a top-down cognitive modulation pathway, whereas normal hearing individuals primarily adopt a bottom-up strategy. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Cochlear implant nationallicence Deafness nationallicence Positron emission tomography nationallicence Audiovisual nationallicence Plasticity nationallicence NH : Normal hearing nationallicence AV : Audiovisual nationallicence STS : Superior temporal sulcus nationallicence IFG : Inferior frontal gyrus nationallicence CI : Cochlear implant nationallicence PET : Positron emission tomography nationallicence MRI : Magnetic resonance imaging nationallicence CAP : Categories of auditory performance nationallicence MTG : Middle temporal gyrus nationallicence ITG : Inferior temporal gyrus nationallicence rCBF : Regional cerebral blood flow nationallicence vPMC : Ventral premotor cortex nationallicence SMG : Supramarginal gyrus nationallicence SFG : Superior frontal gyrus nationallicence MeFG : Medial frontal gyrus nationallicence Song Jae-Jin Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea aut Lee Hyo-Jeong Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chun-Cheon, Korea aut Kang Hyejin Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea aut Lee Dong Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea aut Chang Sun Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea aut Oh Seung Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/2(2015-03-01), 1109-1125 1863-2653 220:2<1109 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-013-0704-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-013-0704-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Song Jae-Jin Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Hyo-Jeong Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chun-Cheon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kang Hyejin Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Dong Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chang Sun Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oh Seung Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/2(2015-03-01), 1109-1125 1863-2653 220:2<1109 2015 220 429