caa a22 4500 606203427 CHVBK 20210128100957.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00429-014-0710-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00429-014-0710-3 Development of human brain cortical network architecture during infancy [Elektronische Daten] [Wei Gao, Sarael Alcauter, J. Smith, John Gilmore, Weili Lin] The brain's mature functional network architecture has been extensively studied but the early emergence of the brain's network organization remains largely unknown. In this study, leveraging a large sample (143 subjects) with longitudinal rsfMRI scans (333 datasets), we aimed to characterize the important developmental process of the brain's functional network architecture during the first 2years of life. Based on spatial independent component analysis and longitudinal linear mixed effect modeling, our results unveiled the detailed topology and growth trajectories of nine cortical functional networks. Within networks, our findings clearly separated the brains networks into two categories: primary networks were topologically adult-like in neonates while higher-order networks were topologically incomplete and isolated in neonates but demonstrated consistent synchronization during the first 2years of life (connectivity increases 0.13-0.35). Between networks, our results demonstrated both network-level connectivity decreases (−0.02 to −0.64) and increases (0.05-0.18) but decreasing connections (n=14) dominated increasing ones (n=5). Finally, significant sex differences were observed with boys demonstrating faster network-level connectivity increases among the two frontoparietal networks (growth rate was 1.63e-4 per day for girls and 2.69e-4 per day for boys, p<1e-4). Overall, our study delineated the development of the whole brain functional architecture during the first 2years of life featuring significant changes of both within- and between-network interactions. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Early brain development nationallicence Resting state nationallicence Functional network nationallicence Sex effect nationallicence Brain functional organization nationallicence Gao Wei Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rm 3105, Bioinformatics Building, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut Alcauter Sarael Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut Smith J. Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut Gilmore John Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut Lin Weili Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/2(2015-03-01), 1173-1186 1863-2653 220:2<1173 2015 220 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0710-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0710-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gao Wei Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rm 3105, Bioinformatics Building, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alcauter Sarael Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Smith J. Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gilmore John Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lin Weili Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Structure and Function Springer Berlin Heidelberg 220/2(2015-03-01), 1173-1186 1863-2653 220:2<1173 2015 220 429