caa a22 4500 606203826 CHVBK 20210128100959.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10484-015-9296-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10484-015-9296-7 Neurofeedback in Three Patients in the State of Unresponsive Wakefulness [Elektronische Daten] [Ingo Keller, Ruta Garbacenkaite] Some severely brain injured patients remain unresponsive, only showing reflex movements without any response to command. This syndrome has been named unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS). The objective of the present study was to determine whether UWS patients are able to alter their brain activity using neurofeedback (NFB) technique. A small sample of three patients received a daily session of NFB for 3weeks. We applied the ratio of theta and beta amplitudes as a feedback variable. Using an automatic threshold function, patients heard their favourite music whenever their theta/beta ratio dropped below the threshold. Changes in awareness were assessed weekly with the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised for each treatment week, as well as 3weeks before and after NFB. Two patients showed a decrease in their theta/beta ratio and theta-amplitudes during this period. The third patient showed no systematic changes in his EEG activity. The results of our study provide the first evidence that NFB can be used in patients in a state of unresponsive wakefulness. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome nationallicence Treatment nationallicence Neurofeedback nationallicence Music perception nationallicence Keller Ingo Schoen Klinik Bad Aibling, Kolbermoorer Strasse 72, 83043, Bad Aibling, Germany aut Garbacenkaite Ruta Clinical Neuropsychology Unit and Outpatient Service, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany aut Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/4(2015-12-01), 349-356 1090-0586 40:4<349 2015 40 10484 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-015-9296-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-015-9296-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Keller Ingo Schoen Klinik Bad Aibling, Kolbermoorer Strasse 72, 83043, Bad Aibling, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Garbacenkaite Ruta Clinical Neuropsychology Unit and Outpatient Service, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/4(2015-12-01), 349-356 1090-0586 40:4<349 2015 40 10484