caa a22 4500 606207953 CHVBK 20210128101019.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-015-2321-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-015-2321-5 Spontaneous mutations of the UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3- O -glucosyltransferase gene confers pale- and dull-colored flowers in the Japanese and common morning glories [Elektronische Daten] [Yasumasa Morita, Kanako Ishiguro, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Shigeru Iida, Atsushi Hoshino] Main conclusion : UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3- O -glucosyltransferase is essential for maintaining proper production quantity, acylation, and glucosylation of anthocyanin, and defects cause pale and dull flower pigmentation in morning glories. The Japanese (Ipomoea nil) and the common (I. purpurea) morning glory display bright blue and dark purple flowers, respectively. These flowers contain acylated and glucosylated anthocyanin pigments, and a number of flower color mutants have been isolated in I. nil. Of these, the duskish mutants of I. nil produce pale- and dull-colored flowers. We found that the Duskish gene encodes UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (3GT). The duskish-1 mutation is a frameshift mutation caused by a 4-bp insertion, and duskish-2 is an insertion of a DNA transposon, Tpn10, at 1.3kb upstream of the 3GT start codon. In the duskish-2 mutant, excision of Tpn10 is responsible for restoration of the expression of the 3GT gene. The recombinant 3GT protein displays expected 3GT enzymatic activities to catalyze 3-O-glucosylation of anthocyanidins in vitro. Anthocyanin analysis of a duskish-2 mutant and its germinal revertant showing pale and normal pigmented flowers, respectively, revealed that the mutation caused around 80% reduction of anthocyanin accumulation. We further characterized two I. purpurea mutants showing pale brownish-red flowers, and found that they carry the same frameshift mutation in the 3GT gene. Most of the flower anthocyanins in the mutants were previously found to be anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosides lacking several caffeic acid and glucose moieties that are attached to the anthocyanins in the wild-type plants. These results indicated that 3GT is essential not only for production, but also for proper acylation and glucosylation, of anthocyanin in the morning glories. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Anthocyanin nationallicence Flavonoid nationallicence Flower pigmentation nationallicence Ipomoea nationallicence 3GT : UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase nationallicence 5GT : Anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase nationallicence F3′H : Flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase nationallicence qRT-PCR : Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR nationallicence TKS : Tokyo-kokei standard nationallicence Morita Yasumasa National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut Ishiguro Kanako Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 618-8503, Mishima, Japan aut Tanaka Yoshikazu Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 618-8503, Mishima, Japan aut Iida Shigeru National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut Hoshino Atsushi National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/3(2015-09-01), 575-587 0032-0935 242:3<575 2015 242 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2321-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2321-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Morita Yasumasa National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ishiguro Kanako Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 618-8503, Mishima, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tanaka Yoshikazu Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 618-8503, Mishima, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Iida Shigeru National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoshino Atsushi National Institute for Basic Biology, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/3(2015-09-01), 575-587 0032-0935 242:3<575 2015 242 425