caa a22 4500 606207996 CHVBK 20210128101020.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-015-2348-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-015-2348-7 Coniferyl alcohol hinders the growth of tobacco BY-2 cells and Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings [Elektronische Daten] [Enni Väisänen, Annika Smeds, Kurt Fagerstedt, Teemu Teeri, Stefan Willför, Anna Kärkönen] Main conclusion : Externally added coniferyl alcohol at high concentrations reduces the growth of Nicotiana cells and seedlings. Coniferyl alcohol is metabolized by BY-2 cells to several compounds. Coniferyl alcohol (CA) is a common monolignol and a building block of lignin. The toxicity of monolignol alcohols has been stated in the literature, but there are only few studies suggesting that this is true. We investigated the physiological effects of CA on living plant cells in more detail. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright yellow-2 cells (BY-2) and Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings both showed concentration-dependent growth retardation in response to 0.5-5mM CA treatment. In some cases, CA addition caused cell death in BY-2 cultures, but this response was dependent on the growth stage of the cells. Based on LC-MS/MS analysis, BY-2 cells did not accumulate the externally supplemented CA, but metabolized it to ferulic acid, ferulic acid glycoside, coniferin, and to some other phenolic compounds. In addition to growth inhibition, CA caused the formation of a lignin-like compound detected by phloroglucinol staining in N. benthamiana roots and occasionally in BY-2 cells. To prevent this, we added potassium iodide (KI, at 5mM) to overcome the peroxidase-mediated CA polymerization to lignin. KI had, however, toxic effects on its own: in N. benthamiana seedlings, it caused reduction in growth; in BY-2 cells, reduction in growth and cell viability. Surprisingly, CA restored the growth of KI-treated BY-2 cells and N. benthamiana seedlings. Our results suggest that CA at high concentrations is toxic to plant cells. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Coniferyl alcohol nationallicence Lignification nationallicence Monolignol metabolism nationallicence Monolignol toxicity nationallicence Potassium iodide nationallicence CA : Coniferyl alcohol nationallicence Väisänen Enni Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Biosciences, Division of Plant Biology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, BOX 65, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut Smeds Annika Åbo Akademi University, Wood and Paper Chemistry, Porthansgatan 3, 20500, Turku, Finland aut Fagerstedt Kurt Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Biosciences, Division of Plant Biology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, BOX 65, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut Teeri Teemu Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5-7, BOX 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut Willför Stefan Åbo Akademi University, Wood and Paper Chemistry, Porthansgatan 3, 20500, Turku, Finland aut Kärkönen Anna Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5-7, BOX 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/3(2015-09-01), 747-760 0032-0935 242:3<747 2015 242 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2348-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2348-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Väisänen Enni Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Biosciences, Division of Plant Biology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, BOX 65, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Smeds Annika Åbo Akademi University, Wood and Paper Chemistry, Porthansgatan 3, 20500, Turku, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fagerstedt Kurt Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Biosciences, Division of Plant Biology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, BOX 65, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Teeri Teemu Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5-7, BOX 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Willför Stefan Åbo Akademi University, Wood and Paper Chemistry, Porthansgatan 3, 20500, Turku, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kärkönen Anna Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5-7, BOX 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/3(2015-09-01), 747-760 0032-0935 242:3<747 2015 242 425