caa a22 4500 606208135 CHVBK 20210128101021.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-015-2331-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-015-2331-3 ZD958 is a low-nitrogen-efficient maize hybrid at the seedling stage among five maize and two teosinte lines [Elektronische Daten] [Jienan Han, Lifeng Wang, Hongyan Zheng, Xiaoying Pan, Huiyong Li, Fanjun Chen, Xuexian Li] Main conclusion : ZD958 was the most low-N-efficient line among five maize and two teosinte lines. Zea parviglumis and Zea diploperennis were insensitive to N limitation. Maize and teosinte genetically and evolutionarily diverged in gene regulation. GDH2, ASN2, and T4 were consistently down-regulated across seven lines. Maternal asymmetric inheritance and heterosis vigor made ZD958 low-N-efficient. Nitrogen (N) deficiency remains a serious limiting factor for maize production in many developing countries. It is particularly important to better understand how hybrid maize responds to N limitation. ZD958, a dominant high-yield hybrid in North China, was comparatively analyzed with four other maize and two teosinte lines at physiological and transcriptional levels. ZD958 was the most low-N-efficient line among five maize and two teosinte lines due to its largest biomass accumulation at a lowest N concentration under N limitation; while Zea parviglumis and Zea diploperennis had large root systems and were insensitive to N limitation. In anti-parallel with down-regulation of N metabolic genes in the ZD958 root, carbon allocation towards the root was enhanced for the significant increase in the root length. Variations in expression patterns of ten genes mediating N uptake, transport, and metabolism indicated large genetic and evolutionary divergence among seven lines under N limitation. Notably, GDH2, ASN2, and VAAT5 were consistently down-regulated under N limitation across these maize and teosinte lines, suggesting essential evolutionary conservation of gene regulation in response to N limitation and providing molecular markers for N nutritional diagnosis. Asymmetric inheritance, mostly from its maternal donor Z58, and heterosis vigor made ZD958 low-N-efficient at the seedling stage. The superior traits in crown roots in ZD958 may be derived from its paternal donor Chang7-2. Thus, Z58, Chang7-2, and two wild maize lines (Z. parviglumis and Z. diploperennis) provide valuable germplasms for N-efficient and large-root maize breeding. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Biomass accumulation nationallicence Gene expression nationallicence Maize nationallicence Nitrogen concentration nationallicence Nitrogen limitation nationallicence Teosinte nationallicence ASN2 : Asparagine synthetase 2 nationallicence Fd-GOGAT : Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase nationallicence GDU2 : Glutamine dumper 2 nationallicence GDH2 : Glutamate dehydrogenase 2 nationallicence MetAP2B : Methionine aminopeptidase 2B nationallicence NADH-GOGAT : NADH Dependent glutamate synthase nationallicence NUtE : Nitrogen utilization efficiency nationallicence VAAT5 : Vacuole amino acid transporter 5 nationallicence Han Jienan Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Wang Lifeng Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Zheng Hongyan Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Pan Xiaoying Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Li Huiyong Institute of Crop Sciences, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 450002, Zhengzhou, China aut Chen Fanjun Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Li Xuexian Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/4(2015-10-01), 935-949 0032-0935 242:4<935 2015 242 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2331-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2331-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Han Jienan Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Lifeng Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zheng Hongyan Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pan Xiaoying Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Huiyong Institute of Crop Sciences, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 450002, Zhengzhou, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chen Fanjun Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Xuexian Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/4(2015-10-01), 935-949 0032-0935 242:4<935 2015 242 425