caa a22 4500 606208224 CHVBK 20210128101021.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-015-2334-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-015-2334-0 Storage temperature controls the timing of garlic bulb formation via shoot apical meristem termination [Elektronische Daten] [Sarit Rohkin Shalom, Daryl Gillett, Hanita Zemach, Sagie Kimhi, Itzhak Forer, Yohanan Zutahy, Yehudit Tam, Paula Teper-Bamnolker, Rina Kamenetsky, Dani Eshel] Main conclusion : Timing of bulb formation and floral stem induction in garlic is controlled by preplanting storage temperature and shoot apical meristem termination, probably via FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes. Garlic is planted in the winter, undergoes a vegetative stage, then forms bulbs in response to increasing temperature and lengthening photoperiod. Herein, the storage conditions for propagation bulbs are shown to potentially affect future vegetative-stage length and timing of bulb formation. Storage temperatures of 2 or 33°C inhibited internal bud growth. Levels of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and its inactive isomer trans-ABA were significantly higher in the internal bud of cloves stored at 33 vs. 2°C, and exogenous ABA treatment before planting confirmed its inhibitory effect on foliage leaf development. Bulb formation started 30 and 60days after planting of cloves stored at 2 and 33°C, respectively. Warm storage temperature induced the formation of multiple leaves and cloves after planting. Plants from cloves stored at warm temperature developed a floral stem, whereas those from cold storage did not. Allium sativum FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (AsFT1) was upregulated 2.5- and 4.5-fold in the internal bud and storage leaf, respectively, after 90 and 150days of cold vs. warm storage. Expression of AsFT4, expected to be antagonist to AsFT1, was 2- to 3-fold lower in the internal bud from cold storage. Expression of AsFT2, associated with floral termination, was 2- to 3- and 10- to 12-fold higher for cold vs. warm storage temperatures, in the internal bud and storage leaf, respectively. Early bulb formation, induced by cold storage, is suggested to inhibit normal foliage leaf development and transition of the shoot apical meristem to reproductive meristem, through regulation of FT genes. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Allium sativum nationallicence Apical dominance nationallicence Floral stem nationallicence FLOWERING LOCUS T nationallicence Postharvest nationallicence Propagation nationallicence Sprouting nationallicence ABA : Abscisic acid nationallicence FT : FLOWERING LOCUS T nationallicence SAM : Shoot apical meristem nationallicence Rohkin Shalom Sarit Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Gillett Daryl Southern Arava Research and Development Center, Yotvata, Israel aut Zemach Hanita Department of Fruit Tree Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Kimhi Sagie Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Forer Itzhak Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Zutahy Yohanan Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Tam Yehudit Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Teper-Bamnolker Paula Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Kamenetsky Rina Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Eshel Dani Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/4(2015-10-01), 951-962 0032-0935 242:4<951 2015 242 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2334-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2334-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rohkin Shalom Sarit Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gillett Daryl Southern Arava Research and Development Center, Yotvata, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zemach Hanita Department of Fruit Tree Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kimhi Sagie Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Forer Itzhak Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zutahy Yohanan Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tam Yehudit Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Teper-Bamnolker Paula Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kamenetsky Rina Department of Ornamental Horticulture, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Eshel Dani Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/4(2015-10-01), 951-962 0032-0935 242:4<951 2015 242 425