caa a22 4500 606208364 CHVBK 20210128101022.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-015-2380-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-015-2380-7 Vibrational microspectroscopy enables chemical characterization of single pollen grains as well as comparative analysis of plant species based on pollen ultrastructure [Elektronische Daten] [Boris Zimmermann, Murat Bağcıoğlu, Christophe Sandt, Achim Kohler] Main conclusion : Chemical imaging of pollen by vibrational microspectroscopy enables characterization of pollen ultrastructure, in particular phenylpropanoid components in grain wall for comparative study of extant and extinct plant species. A detailed characterization of conifer (Pinales) pollen by vibrational microspectroscopy is presented. The main problems that arise during vibrational measurements were scatter and saturation issues in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and fluorescence and penetration depth issues in Raman. Single pollen grains larger than approx. 15µm can be measured by FTIR microspectroscopy using conventional light sources, while smaller grains may be measured by employing synchrotron light sources. Pollen grains that were larger than 50µm were too thick for FTIR imaging since the grain constituents absorbed almost all infrared light. Chemical images of pollen were obtained on sectioned samples, unveiling the distribution and concentration of proteins, carbohydrates, sporopollenins and lipids within pollen substructures. The comparative analysis of pollen species revealed that, compared with other Pinales pollens, Cedrus atlantica has a higher relative amount of lipid nutrients, as well as different chemical composition of grain wall sporopollenin. The pre-processing and data analysis, namely extended multiplicative signal correction and principal component analysis, offer simple estimate of imaging spectral data and indirect estimation of physical properties of pollen. The vibrational microspectroscopy study demonstrates that detailed chemical characterization of pollen can be obtained by measurement of an individual grain and pollen ultrastructure. Measurement of phenylpropanoid components in pollen grain wall could be used, not only for the reconstruction of past environments, but for assessment of diversity of plant species as well. Therefore, analysis of extant and extinct pollen species by vibrational spectroscopies is suggested as a valuable tool in biology, ecology and palaeosciences. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 FTIR microspectroscopy nationallicence Raman microspectroscopy nationallicence Pinales nationallicence Imaging nationallicence Cell wall nationallicence Zimmermann Boris Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut Bağcıoğlu Murat Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut Sandt Christophe Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France aut Kohler Achim Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/5(2015-11-01), 1237-1250 0032-0935 242:5<1237 2015 242 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2380-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2380-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zimmermann Boris Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bağcıoğlu Murat Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sandt Christophe Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kohler Achim Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430, Ås, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 242/5(2015-11-01), 1237-1250 0032-0935 242:5<1237 2015 242 425