caa a22 4500 606209093 CHVBK 20210128101026.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-014-2207-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-014-2207-y The relationship between the plant-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 and alternative oxidase in tomato basal defense against Tobacco mosaic virus [Elektronische Daten] [Yang-Wen-Ke Liao, Ya-Ru Liu, Jia-Yang Liang, Wen-Ping Wang, Jie Zhou, Xiao-Jian Xia, Yan-Hong Zhou, Jing-Quan Yu, Kai Shi] Salicylic acid (SA) plays a critical role in plant defense against pathogen attack. The SA-induced viral defense in plants is distinct from the pathways mediating bacterial and fungal defense, which is pathogenesis-related protein-independent but involves an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RDR1)-mediated RNA silencing mechanism and/or an alternative oxidase (AOX)-associated defense pathway. However, the relationship between these two viral defense-related pathways remains unclear. In this study, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculation onto Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) leaves induced a rapid induction of the SlAOX1a transcript level as well as the total and CN-resistant respiration at 0.5dpi, followed by an increase in SlRDR1 gene expression at 1dpi in the upper uninoculated leaves. Silencing SlRDR1 using virus-induced gene silencing system significantly reduced SlRDR1 expression and tomato defense against TMV but had no evident effect on SlAOX1a transcription. Conversely, silencing SlAOX1a not only effectively reduced the AOX1a transcript level, but also blocked the TMV-induced SlRDR1 expression and decreased the basal defense against TMV. Furthermore, the application of an exogenous AOX activator on empty vector-silenced control plants greatly induced the accumulation of SlRDR1 and SlAOX1a transcript and reduced TMV viral RNA accumulation, but failed to have such effects on SlRDR1-silenced plants. Moreover, RDR1-overexpressed transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants enhanced defense against TMV than the empty vector-transformed plants, but these effects were not affected by the exogenous AOX activator or inhibitor. These results indicate that RDR1 is involved in the AOX-mediated defense pathway against TMV infection and plays a crucial role in enhancing RNA silencing to limit virus systemic spread. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Alternative oxidase nationallicence Basal defense nationallicence Plant-pathogen interaction nationallicence RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 nationallicence Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nationallicence AA : Antimycin A nationallicence AOX : Alternative oxidase nationallicence CN : Cyanide nationallicence CP : Coat protein nationallicence EV : Empty vector nationallicence F v/ F m : Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II nationallicence H2O2 : Hydrogen peroxide nationallicence KCN : Potassium cyanide nationallicence miETC : Mitochondrial electron transport chain nationallicence NO : Nitric oxide nationallicence PR : Pathogenesis-related protein nationallicence RDR1 : RNA-dependent RNA polymerase nationallicence ROS : Reactive oxygen species nationallicence SA : Salicylic acid nationallicence SHAM : Salicylhydroxamic acid nationallicence TMV : Tobacco mosaic virus nationallicence UQ : Ubiquinone nationallicence VIGS : Virus-induced gene silencing nationallicence Φ PSII : Photochemical quantum yield at photosystem II nationallicence Liao Yang-Wen-Ke Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Liu Ya-Ru Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Liang Jia-Yang Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Wang Wen-Ping Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Zhou Jie Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Xia Xiao-Jian Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Zhou Yan-Hong Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Yu Jing-Quan Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Shi Kai Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/3(2015-03-01), 641-650 0032-0935 241:3<641 2015 241 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2207-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2207-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liao Yang-Wen-Ke Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Ya-Ru Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liang Jia-Yang Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Wen-Ping Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhou Jie Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xia Xiao-Jian Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhou Yan-Hong Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yu Jing-Quan Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shi Kai Department of Horticulture Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/3(2015-03-01), 641-650 0032-0935 241:3<641 2015 241 425