caa a22 4500 606209182 CHVBK 20210128101027.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-014-2219-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-014-2219-7 Molecular identification and functional analysis of a maize ( Zea mays ) DUR3 homolog that transports urea with high affinity [Elektronische Daten] [Guo-Wei Liu, Ai-Li Sun, Di-Qin Li, Asmini Athman, Matthew Gilliham, Lai-Hua Liu] Main conclusion : Successful molecular cloning and functional characterization of a high-affinity urea permease ZmDUR3 provide convincing evidence of ZmDUR3 roles in root urea acquisition and internal urea-N-remobilization of maize plants. Urea occurs ubiquitously in both soils and plants. Being a major form of nitrogen fertilizer, large applications of urea assist cereals in approaching their genetic yield potential, but due to the low nitrogen-use efficiency of crops, this practice poses a severe threat to the environment through their hypertrophication. To date, except for paddy rice, little is known about the biological basis for urea movement in dryland crops. Here, we report the molecular and physiological characterization of a maize urea transporter, ZmDUR3. We show using gene prediction, PCR-based cloning and yeast complementation, that a functional full-length cDNA encoding a 731 amino acids-containing protein with putative 15 transmembrane α-helixes for ZmDUR3 was successfully cloned. Root-influx studies using 15N-urea demonstrated ZmDUR3 catalyzes urea transport with a K m at ~9µM when expressed in the Arabidopsis dur3-mutant. qPCR analysis revealed that ZmDUR3 mRNA in roots was significantly upregulated by nitrogen depletion and repressed by reprovision of nitrogen after nitrogen starvation, indicating that ZmDUR3 is a nitrogen-responsive gene and relevant to plant nitrogen nutrition. Moreover, detection of higher urea levels in senescent leaves and obvious occurrence of ZmDUR3 transcripts in phloem-cells of mature/aged leaves strongly implies a role for ZmDUR3 in urea vascular loading. Significantly, expression of ZmDUR3 complemented atdur3-mutant of Arabidopsis, improving plant growth on low urea and increasing urea acquisition. As it also targets to the plasma membrane, our data suggest that ZmDUR3 functions as an active urea permease playing physiological roles in effective urea uptake and nitrogen remobilization in maize. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Molecular function nationallicence Maize nationallicence Nitrogen uptake and remobilization nationallicence Urea transporter ZmDUR3 nationallicence NUE : Nitrogen-use efficiency nationallicence N : Nitrogen nationallicence AN : Ammonium nitrate nationallicence RO water : Reverse osmosis water nationallicence FM4-64 : N-(3-Triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-(p-diethylaminophenyl-hexatrienyl) pyridinium dibromide nationallicence SD : Synthetic dextrose nationallicence PM : Plasma membrane nationallicence Liu Guo-Wei Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Sun Ai-Li Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Li Di-Qin Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, National Education Ministry, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China aut Athman Asmini ARC Centre for Plant Energy Biology School of Agriculture, Food and Wine Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, 5064, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia aut Gilliham Matthew ARC Centre for Plant Energy Biology School of Agriculture, Food and Wine Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, 5064, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia aut Liu Lai-Hua Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/4(2015-04-01), 861-874 0032-0935 241:4<861 2015 241 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2219-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2219-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Guo-Wei Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sun Ai-Li Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Di-Qin Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, National Education Ministry, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Athman Asmini ARC Centre for Plant Energy Biology School of Agriculture, Food and Wine Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, 5064, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gilliham Matthew ARC Centre for Plant Energy Biology School of Agriculture, Food and Wine Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, 5064, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Lai-Hua Department of Plant Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/4(2015-04-01), 861-874 0032-0935 241:4<861 2015 241 425