caa a22 4500 606209662 CHVBK 20210128101029.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00425-014-2232-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00425-014-2232-x Changing trends in biotechnology of secondary metabolism in medicinal and aromatic plants [Elektronische Daten] [Sumit Gandhi, Vidushi Mahajan, Yashbir Bedi] Main conclusion : Medicinal and aromatic plants are known to produce secondary metabolites that find uses as flavoring agents, fragrances, insecticides, dyes and drugs. Biotechnology offers several choices through which secondary metabolism in medicinal plants can be altered in innovative ways, to overproduce phytochemicals of interest, to reduce the content of toxic compounds or even to produce novel chemicals. Detailed investigation of chromatin organization and microRNAs affecting biosynthesis of secondary metabolites as well as exploring cryptic biosynthetic clusters and synthetic biology options, may provide additional ways to harness this resource. Plant secondary metabolites are a fascinating class of phytochemicals exhibiting immense chemical diversity. Considerable enigma regarding their natural biological functions and the vast array of pharmacological activities, amongst other uses, make secondary metabolites interesting and important candidates for research. Here, we present an update on changing trends in the biotechnological approaches that are used to understand and exploit the secondary metabolism in medicinal and aromatic plants. Bioprocessing in the form of suspension culture, organ culture or transformed hairy roots has been successful in scaling up secondary metabolite production in many cases. Pathway elucidation and metabolic engineering have been useful to get enhanced yield of the metabolite of interest; or, for producing novel metabolites. Heterologous expression of putative plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes in a microbe is useful to validate their functions, and in some cases, also, to produce plant metabolites in microbes. Endophytes, the microbes that normally colonize plant tissues, may also produce the phytochemicals produced by the host plant. The review also provides perspectives on future research in the field. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Bioprocessing nationallicence Endophyte nationallicence Hairy roots nationallicence Heterologous expression nationallicence Metabolic engineering nationallicence Suspension culture nationallicence 4CL : 4-Coumaroyl:CoA ligase nationallicence CHI : Chalcone isomerase nationallicence CUS : Curcuminoid synthase nationallicence CYPs : Cytochrome P450 enzymes nationallicence DMAPP : Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate nationallicence EST : Expressed sequenced tag nationallicence IPP : Isopentenyl pyrophosphate nationallicence mA : Milli ampere (electric current) nationallicence MAP : Medicinal and aromatic plants nationallicence MEP : Methylerythritolphosphate pathway nationallicence MEV : Mevalonate pathway nationallicence ORF : Open reading frame nationallicence PAL : Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase nationallicence PLR : Pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase nationallicence STS : Stilbene synthase nationallicence T DNA : Transfer deoxyribose nucleic acid nationallicence TIA : Terpenoid indole alkaloid pathway nationallicence US-FDA : United States Food and Drug Administration nationallicence UV : Ultra violet nationallicence VIGS : Virus induced gene silencing nationallicence Gandhi Sumit Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut Mahajan Vidushi Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut Bedi Yashbir Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/2(2015-02-01), 303-317 0032-0935 241:2<303 2015 241 425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2232-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2232-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gandhi Sumit Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mahajan Vidushi Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bedi Yashbir Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu Tawi, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Planta Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241/2(2015-02-01), 303-317 0032-0935 241:2<303 2015 241 425